Sustainable biofuel refers to biofuels produced in ways that minimise environmental and social impacts while providing a renewable alternative to fossil fuels. Unlike conventional biofuels, which may compete with food production or contribute to deforestation, sustainable biofuels are derived from feedstocks and processes designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, protect biodiversity, and support long-term resource availability. Examples include fuels made from non-food crops, agricultural and forestry residues, algae, and waste materials. International initiatives such as the Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials have developed standards and certification schemes to assess sustainability across the biofuel supply chain. The concept is closely linked to broader debates on energy security, climate change mitigation, and the transition to low-carbon economies.
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👉 Sustainable biofuel in the context of Biofuel
Biofuel is a fuel that is produced over a short time span from biomass, rather than by the very slow natural processes involved in the formation of fossil fuels such as oil. Biofuel can be produced from plants or from agricultural, domestic or industrial bio waste. Biofuels are mostly used for transportation, but can also be used for heating and electricity. Biofuels (and bio energy in general) are regarded as a renewable energy source. The use of biofuel has been subject to criticism regarding the "food vs fuel" debate, varied assessments of their sustainability, and ongoing deforestation and biodiversity loss as a result of biofuel production.
In general, biofuels emit fewer greenhouse gas emissions when burned in an engine and are generally considered carbon-neutral fuels as the carbon emitted has been captured from the atmosphere by the crops used in production. However, life-cycle assessments of biofuels have shown large emissions associated with the potential land-use change required to produce additional biofuel feedstocks. The outcomes of lifecycle assessments (LCAs) for biofuels are highly situational and dependent on many factors including the type of feedstock, production routes, data variations, and methodological choices. Estimates about the climate impact from biofuels vary widely based on the methodology and exact situation examined. Therefore, the climate change mitigation potential of biofuel varies considerably: in some scenarios emission levels are comparable to fossil fuels, and in other scenarios the biofuel emissions result in negative emissions.