Rana Sanga in the context of "Battle of Gagron"

The Malwa Sultanate was a late medieval kingdom in the Malwa region, covering the present day Indian states of Madhya Pradesh and south-eastern Rajasthan from 1401 to 1562. It was founded by Dilawar Khan, who following Timur's invasion and the disintegration of the Delhi Sultanate, in 1401, made Malwa an independent realm.

Following the Battle of Gagron in 1519, much of the Sultanate came under the brief control of Maharana of Mewar Rana Sanga, and he appointed one of his vassals, Medini Rai, to rule over the Sultanate. In 1562, the Sultanate was conquered from its last ruler, Baz Bahadur, by the Mughal Empire under Akbar the Great, and it became a subah of the empire. The Sultanate was predominantly ruled by Afghan and Turco-Afghan dynasties throughout its existence.

Bhanpura is a town and a nagar panchayat in Mandsaur district, located in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. Bhanpura was discovered by King Bhanu bhil. It was also ruled by the Chandrawats of Mewar during the times of Rana Sanga's rule. The town is home to a number of historic places such as the Daraki-Chattan region, which is one of the world's oldest rock arts, Chaturbhujnath Nala rock art shelters, and the Hinglajgarh Fort. Bhanpura also has a museum that displays the popular arts of Mandsaur, including art from the Gupta era (4th–5th century) until the time of Pratiharas and Parmaras.

Medini Rai was a feudal chief under the Kingdom of Mewar during the reign of Rana Sanga. Rai ruled much of the Malwa region under the lordship of the Rana, who helped him in defeating the Sultan of Malwa, Mahmud Khilji II, and conquering Malwa. Chanderi was the capital of Medini Rai.