The Battle of Gagron was fought in 1519 between Mahmud Khalji II of Malwa and Kingdom of Mewar's Rana Sanga. The conflict took place in Gagron (in the present-day Indian state of Rajasthan) and resulted in Sanga's victory, with him taking Mahmud captive and annexing significant territory.
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👉 Battle of Gagron in the context of Malwa Sultanate
The Malwa Sultanate was a late medieval kingdom in the Malwa region, covering the present day Indian states of Madhya Pradesh and south-eastern Rajasthan from 1401 to 1562. It was founded by Dilawar Khan, who following Timur's invasion and the disintegration of the Delhi Sultanate, in 1401, made Malwa an independent realm.
Following the Battle of Gagron in 1519, much of the Sultanate came under the brief control of Maharana of Mewar Rana Sanga, and he appointed one of his vassals, Medini Rai, to rule over the Sultanate. In 1562, the Sultanate was conquered from its last ruler, Baz Bahadur, by the Mughal Empire under Akbar the Great, and it became a subah of the empire. The Sultanate was predominantly ruled by Afghan and Turco-Afghan dynasties throughout its existence.
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Battle of Gagron in the context of Rana Sanga
Sangram Singh I (Mewari pronunciation: [səŋɡɾaːm sɪ̃ɳ]; 12 April 1482 – 30 January 1528), most commonly known as Rana Sanga, was the Maharana of Mewar from 24 May 1509 until his death in 1528. A member of the Sisodia dynasty, he controlled parts of present-day Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Sindh, and Uttar Pradesh with his capital at Chittorgarh.
In his military career, Sanga achieved a series of successes against several neighbouring sultanates. Following the Battle of Gagron in 1519 against the Malwa Sultanate, Sanga captured much of Eastern Malwa. He humbled the Sultan of Gujarat on various occasions. He also reduced the Khanzadas of Mewat to his submission helping him to extend his sway over modern-day Haryana. Among his great victories were the multiple defeats inflicted upon the Lodi dynasty of Delhi at Khatoli, Dholpur, and Ranthambore enabling Sanga to capture much of the latter's domain in Southern Malwa and Western Uttar Pradesh.