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⭐ In the context of Hydrogen, the term 'water-former' directly relates to which key characteristic of this element?

The name 'hydrogen' is derived from the Ancient Greek words 'húdōr' (water) and 'gennáō' (to bring forth), reflecting Henry Cavendish's discovery that hydrogen produces water when burned, thus earning it the title 'water-former'.

⭐ Core Definition: List of atomic weights

The standard atomic weight of a chemical element (symbol A_r°(E) for element "E") is the weighted arithmetic mean of the relative isotopic masses of all isotopes of that element weighted by each isotope's abundance on Earth. For example, isotope Cu (A_r = 62.929) constitutes 69% of the copper on Earth, the rest being Cu (A_r = 64.927), so

Relative isotopic mass is dimensionless, and so is the weighted average. It can be converted into a measure of mass (with dimension M) by multiplying it with the atomic mass constant dalton.

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👉 List of atomic weights in the context of Hydrogen

Hydrogen is a chemical element; it has the symbol H and atomic number 1. It is the lightest and most abundant chemical element in the universe, constituting about 75% of all normal matter. Under standard conditions, hydrogen is a gas of diatomic molecules with the formula H₂, called dihydrogen, or sometimes hydrogen gas, molecular hydrogen, or simply hydrogen. Dihydrogen is colorless, odorless, non-toxic, and highly combustible. Stars, including the Sun, mainly consist of hydrogen in a plasma state, while on Earth, hydrogen is found as the gas H₂ (dihydrogen) and in molecules, such as in water and organic compounds. The most common isotope of hydrogen, H, consists of one proton, one electron, and no neutrons.

Hydrogen gas was first produced artificially in the 17th century by the reaction of acids with metals. Henry Cavendish, in 1766–1781, identified hydrogen gas as a distinct substance and discovered its property of producing water when burned: this is the origin of hydrogen's name, which means 'water-former' (from Ancient Greek: ὕδωρ, romanized: húdōr, lit. 'water', and γεννάω, gennáō, 'I bring forth'). Understanding the colors of light absorbed and emitted by hydrogen was a crucial part of the development of quantum mechanics.

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