List of Roman domes in the context of "Pendentive"

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⭐ Core Definition: List of Roman domes

This is a list of Roman domes. The Romans were the first builders in the history of architecture to realize the potential of domes for the creation of large and well-defined interior spaces. Domes were introduced in a number of Roman building types such as temples, thermae, palaces, mausolea and later also churches. Semi-domes also became a favoured architectural element and were adopted as apses in Christian church architecture.

Monumental domes began to appear in the 1st century BC in Rome and the provinces around the Mediterranean Sea. Along with vaults and trusses, they gradually replaced the traditional post and lintel construction which makes use of the column and architrave. The construction of domes was greatly facilitated by the invention of concrete, a process which has been termed the Roman Architectural Revolution. Their enormous dimensions remained unsurpassed until the introduction of structural steel frames in the late 19th century (see List of largest domes).

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👉 List of Roman domes in the context of Pendentive

In architecture, a pendentive is a constructional device permitting the placing of a circular dome over a square room or of an elliptical dome over a rectangular room. The pendentives, which are triangular segments of a sphere, taper to points at the bottom and spread at the top to establish the continuous circular or elliptical base needed for a dome. In masonry the pendentives thus receive the weight of the dome, concentrating it at the four corners where it can be received by the piers beneath.

Prior to the pendentive's development, builders used the device of corbelling or squinches in the corners of a room. Pendentives commonly occurred in Orthodox, Renaissance, and Baroque churches, with a drum with windows often inserted between the pendentives and the dome. The first experimentation with pendentives began with Roman dome construction in the 2nd–3rd century AD, while full development of the form came in the 6th-century Eastern Roman cathedral, Hagia Sophia, in Constantinople (Istanbul).

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In this Dossier
LINKED FROM (PARENTS)
← Pendentive ← Pendentives
LINKS TO (CHILDREN)
Pantheon, Rome → Rome → Oculus (architecture) → Ancient Rome → History of architecture → Dome → Roman temple → Thermae → Palace → Mausoleum → Church (building) → Semi-dome → Apse → Christianity → Church architecture → Roman province → Mediterranean Sea → Vault (architecture) → Truss → Post and lintel → Column → Architrave → Roman concrete → Roman Architectural Revolution → Steel → List of largest domes →