Jamaican Patois (/ˈpætwɑː/; locally rendered Jamaican Patwah and called Jamaican Creole by linguists) is an English-based creole language mixed heavily with predominantly West African languages and some influences from Arawak, Spanish and other languages, spoken primarily in Jamaica and among the Jamaican diaspora. Words or slang from Jamaican Patois can be heard in other Caribbean countries, the United Kingdom, New York City and Miami in the United States, and Toronto, Canada. Most of the non-English words in Patois derive from the West African Akan language. It is spoken by most Jamaicans as a native language.
Patois developed in the 17th century when enslaved people from West and Central Africa were exposed to, learned, and nativised the vernacular and dialectal languages spoken by the slaveholders and overseers: British English, Hiberno-English and Scots. Jamaican Creole exists in gradations between more conservative creole forms that are not significantly mutually intelligible with English, and forms virtually identical to Standard English.