Hoelun in the context of "Olkhonud"

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⭐ Core Definition: Hoelun

Hö'elün (Mongolian: ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠦᠵᠢᠨ, Ö’elün Üjin, lit.'Lady Ö’elün'; fl. 1162–1210) was a noblewoman of the Mongol Empire and the mother of Temüjin, better known as Genghis Khan. She played a major role in his rise to power, as described in the Secret History of the Mongols.

Born into the Olkhonud clan of the Onggirat tribe, Hö'elün was originally married to Chiledu, a Merkit aristocrat; she was captured shortly after her wedding by Yesügei, an important member of the Mongols, who abducted her to be his primary wife. She and Yesügei had four sons and one daughter: Temüjin, Qasar, Hachiun, Temüge, and Temülen. After Yesügei was fatally poisoned and the Mongols abandoned her family, Hö'elün shepherded all her children through poverty to adulthood—her resilience and organisational skills have been remarked upon by historians. She continued to play an important role after Temüjin's marriage to Börte—together, the two women managed his camp and provided him with advice.

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👉 Hoelun in the context of Olkhonud

Olkhonud (Mongolian: Олхуноуд, Олхонууд, Олгонууд; Chinese: 斡勒忽讷; pinyin: wòlēihūnè), also rendered as Olqunuut, was the clan of Hoelun, the mother of Genghis Khan. They helped Genghis to defeat the Naimans. The Olkhunut people were very closely related to the Hongirad tribe. Their descendants still live in Khovd Province of Mongolia and in Inner Mongolia of China.

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Hoelun in the context of Khongirad

The Khongirad (/ˈkɒŋɡɪræd/; Mongolian: ᠬᠣᠩᠭᠢᠷᠠᠳ Хонгирад; Kazakh: Қоңырат, romanizedQoñyrat; Chinese: 弘吉剌; pinyin: Hóngjílá) was one of the major divisions of the Mongol tribes. Their homeland was located in the vicinity of Lake Hulun in Inner Mongolia and Khalkha River in Mongolia, where they maintained close ties with the ruling dynasties of northern China. Because the various Hongirad clans never united under a single leader, the tribe never rose to great military glory. Their greatest fame comes from being the primary consort clan of the ruling house of Genghis Khan's Mongol Empire. Genghis Khan's mother (Hoelun), great grandmother, and first wife were all Khongirads, as were many subsequent Mongol Empress and princesses.

During the Yuan dynasty they were given the title Lu Wang ("Prince of Lu"; Chinese: 鲁王), and a few Khongirads migrated west into the territory of modern Uzbekistan and Turkistan Region where they became governors of Khwarazm and were known as the Sufi dynasty. After a brief period as independent rulers, they were subjected by Timur.

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Hoelun in the context of Behter

Behter or Bekter (Mongolian: Бэхтэр; died 1180) was the son of Yesugei, chief of the Khamag Mongol, and a junior wife named Sochigel or Suchigu in some sources and Ko'agjin in others. He was also a half-brother of Genghis Khan, then known as Temujin. On the death of Yesugei, Temujin, his mother Hoelun, his siblings and two half-brothers (including Behter, Belgutei and their mother Sochigel) were abandoned by their tribe and left to fend for themselves. Living off the land, they managed to survive. However, the older half-brothers deprived 14-year-old Temujin and his brother Qasar of their spoils. Temujin and Qasar stalked and killed Behter, for which they were scolded by their mother Hoelun.

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Hoelun in the context of Hachiun

Hachiun (Mongolian: Хачиун, also known as Hachiun Alchi Mongolian: Хачиун Алчи, Qachi'un, Qachi'un-elchi; born c. 1166) was a full-brother of Genghis Khan and the third child of Yesugei and Hoelun. The Secret History of the Mongols specifies that "when Temujin was 9 years old, Hachiun was five years old." As a child he received a prefix "Alchi" to his name and therefore was referred to as Hachiun-alchi, or Alchidai (diminutive form of "Alchi"). He probably had a son whose name was Ilchidey (Iljigdei).

If other brothers of Temujin, Hasar and Temuge, are frequently mentioned in the Secret History as devoted companions and supporters of the elder brother, the mentions of Hachiun are rare, not only in the accounts of political and public affairs, but also in regular dialogues of daily life. Therefore, there is an opinion that Hachiun might have died early as the chronicles describing the later affairs of Genghis Khan do not mention Hachiun. But he was still alive in 1207: when already a full-fledged ruler of the whole of Mongolia, Genghis Khan was arranging his state affairs, Hachiun received land possessions and subjects from his mighty elder brother the seventh in the hierarchy after their mother Hoelun and younger brother Temuge (as one household), 4 sons of Temujin and brother Hasar, in that order.

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