Yesugei or Yesükhei Baghatur (c. 1134–1171) was a major chief of the Khamag Mongol confederation and the father of Temüjin, who later became known as Genghis Khan. Yesügei was from the Borjigin family, and his name means "like nine", meaning he had the auspicious qualities of the number nine, a lucky number to the Mongols.
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⭐ Core Definition: Yesugei
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👉 Yesugei in the context of Behter
Behter or Bekter (Mongolian: Бэхтэр; died 1180) was the son of Yesugei, chief of the Khamag Mongol, and a junior wife named Sochigel or Suchigu in some sources and Ko'agjin in others. He was also a half-brother of Genghis Khan, then known as Temujin. On the death of Yesugei, Temujin, his mother Hoelun, his siblings and two half-brothers (including Behter, Belgutei and their mother Sochigel) were abandoned by their tribe and left to fend for themselves. Living off the land, they managed to survive. However, the older half-brothers deprived 14-year-old Temujin and his brother Qasar of their spoils. Temujin and Qasar stalked and killed Behter, for which they were scolded by their mother Hoelun.
In this Dossier
Yesugei in the context of Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan (born Temüjin; c. 1162 – August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, was the founder and first khan of the Mongol Empire. After spending most of his life uniting the Mongol tribes, he launched a series of military campaigns, conquering large parts of China and Central Asia.
Born between 1155 and 1167 and given the name Temüjin, he was the eldest child of Yesugei, a Mongol chieftain of the Borjigin clan, and his wife Hö'elün. When Temüjin was eight, his father died and his family was abandoned by its tribe. Reduced to near-poverty, Temüjin killed his older half-brother to secure his familial position. His charismatic personality helped to attract his first followers and to form alliances with two prominent steppe leaders named Jamukha and Toghrul; they worked together to retrieve Temüjin's newlywed wife Börte, who had been kidnapped by raiders. As his reputation grew, his relationship with Jamukha deteriorated into open warfare. Temüjin was badly defeated in c. 1187, and may have spent the following years as a subject of the Jin dynasty; upon reemerging in 1196, he swiftly began gaining power. Toghrul came to view Temüjin as a threat and launched a surprise attack on him in 1203. Temüjin regrouped and overpowered Toghrul; after defeating the Naiman tribe and executing Jamukha, he was left as the sole ruler on the Mongolian steppe.
Yesugei in the context of Toghrul
Toghrul (Mongolian: Тоорил хан Tooril han; Chinese: 脫里), also known as Wang Khan or Ong Khan (Ван хан Wan han; Chinese: 王汗; pinyin: Wáng Hán; died 1203), was a khan of the Keraites. He was the blood brother (anda) of the Mongol chief Yesugei and served as an important early patron and ally to Yesugei's son Temüjin, later known as Genghis Khan. The main source on his life is the Secret History of the Mongols.
Yesugei in the context of Hachiun
Hachiun (Mongolian: Хачиун, also known as Hachiun Alchi Mongolian: Хачиун Алчи, Qachi'un, Qachi'un-elchi; born c. 1166) was a full-brother of Genghis Khan and the third child of Yesugei and Hoelun. The Secret History of the Mongols specifies that "when Temujin was 9 years old, Hachiun was five years old." As a child he received a prefix "Alchi" to his name and therefore was referred to as Hachiun-alchi, or Alchidai (diminutive form of "Alchi"). He probably had a son whose name was Ilchidey (Iljigdei).
If other brothers of Temujin, Hasar and Temuge, are frequently mentioned in the Secret History as devoted companions and supporters of the elder brother, the mentions of Hachiun are rare, not only in the accounts of political and public affairs, but also in regular dialogues of daily life. Therefore, there is an opinion that Hachiun might have died early as the chronicles describing the later affairs of Genghis Khan do not mention Hachiun. But he was still alive in 1207: when already a full-fledged ruler of the whole of Mongolia, Genghis Khan was arranging his state affairs, Hachiun received land possessions and subjects from his mighty elder brother the seventh in the hierarchy after their mother Hoelun and younger brother Temuge (as one household), 4 sons of Temujin and brother Hasar, in that order.
Yesugei in the context of Temüge
Temüge (c. 1168–1246) was the youngest brother of Genghis Khan, fourth son of Yesugei.
Yesugei in the context of Temülen
Temülün (c. 1171–?) was the youngest full sibling and only sister of Genghis Khan (born Temüjin), the famed founder and Great Khan of the Mongol Empire. Her parents were Yesügei, chief of the Borjigin clan in the Khamag Mongol confederation, and his second wife Hö'elün. She was nine years younger than Temüjin.
Yesugei in the context of Belgutei
Belgutei (c. 1161 – c. 1271) was the son of Yesugei and Sochigel and half-brother to Genghis Khan. He also became general to Genghis Khan. Belgutei was considered a wise counselor and skilled diplomat, and was often used as a messenger by Genghis Khan. With Genghis Khan's blessing, Belgutei killed the champion wrestler of the Mongols, Buri Boko, by breaking his neck during a wrestling match. This was revenge for an earlier incident when Buri Boko had fought with Belgutei and slashed him with a sword. According to legend, Belgutei lived to an unusually old age. Rashid ad-Din claims he died aged 110, while the Yuanshi reports that he was still alive when Möngke Khan took the throne in 1251, making him around 90, which would make him one of the oldest men on the earth at the time.