Guelma (Arabic: قالمة Qālima; Algerian Arabic: ڨالمة; Algerian pronunciation: Arabic pronunciation: [ɡelmæ]) is the capital of Guelma Province and Guelma District, located in north-eastern Algeria, about 65 kilometers from the Mediterranean coast. Its location corresponds to that of ancient Calama.
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👉 Guelma in the context of Houari Boumediène
Houari Boumédiène (Arabic: هواري بومدين, romanized: Hawwārī Būmadyan; born Mohammed ben Brahim Boukharouba; 23 August 1927 – 27 December 1978) was an Algerian military officer and politician who was the second head of state of independent Algeria from 1965 until his death in 1978. He served as Chairman of the Revolutionary Council of Algeria from 19 June 1965 until 12 December 1976 and thereafter as president of Algeria until his death.
Born in Guelma, Mohammed ben Brahim Boukharouba was educated at the Islamic Institute in Constantine. In 1955, he joined the National Liberation Front (FLN) and adopted the nom de guerre Houari Boumediene. By 1960, he had risen through the organization's ranks to become the commander of the FLN's military wing.
In this Dossier
- ⭐ Core Definition: Guelma
- 👉 Guelma in the context of Houari Boumediène
- Guelma in the context of Sétif and Guelma massacre
- Guelma in the context of Shawiya language
Guelma in the context of Sétif and Guelma massacre
The Sétif and Guelma massacre (also called the Sétif, Guelma and Kherrata massacres or the massacres of 8 May 1945) was a series of massacres by French colonial authorities and pied-noir European settler militias on Algerian civilians in May and June 1945 around the towns of Sétif and Guelma in French Algeria.
In response to French police firing on demonstrators during a protest in Sétif on 8 May 1945, native Algerians rioted in the town and attacked French settlers (colons) in the surrounding countryside, killing 102 people. The French colonial authorities and European settlers retaliated by killing thousands of Algerian Muslims in the region with estimates varying widely. The initial estimate given by French authorities was 1,020 killed, while the current Algerian government cites an estimate of 45,000 killed. Estimates by historians range from 3,000 to 30,000 Algerian Muslims killed. The massacre marked a turning point in Franco-Algerian relations, ultimately leading to the Algerian War of independence from 1954 to 1962.
View the full Wikipedia page for Sétif and Guelma massacreGuelma in the context of Shawiya language
Shawiya, or Shawiya Berber, also spelt Chaouïa (native form: Tacawit [θæʃæwiθ]), is a Zenati Berber language spoken in Algeria by the Shawiya people. The language's primary speech area is the Awras Mountains and in the surrounding regions in eastern Algeria, including Batna, Khenchela, Sétif, Oum El Bouaghi, Souk Ahras, Tébessa, Biskra, Guelma, Mila and Constantine.It is closely related to the Shenwa language of Central Algeria.
View the full Wikipedia page for Shawiya language