Government of Syria in the context of "Ministry of Sports and Youth (Syria)"

The Ministry of Emergency and Disaster Management (Arabic: وزارة الطوارئ والكوارث) is a ministry of the government of Syria, formed on 29 March 2025.

The Ministry of Electricity (Arabic: وزارة الكهرباء) was a department of the Government of Syria. The ministry was responsible for managing the electric energy and renewable energy sector in Syria, and a number of governmental institutions and companies were affiliated to it. On 29 March 2025, as a result of the formation of the Syrian transitional government, the Ministry of Electricity, the Ministry of Water Resources and the Ministry of Oil and Mineral Resources were replaced by and merged into the Ministry of Energy.

In Syria, the production of electricity has been entirely nationalized. By the end of the 1990s, the Ministry of Electricity managed 74,9% of the production of electricity nationwide. The country was planning to become self-sufficient in electricity supply by 1998. For this reason, the Ministry never seriously considered renewable energies because they take a longer time to deploy. By 2010, the government encouraged private investors to develop the electric capacity of the country, but the war broke out.

The Ministry of Industry was the ministry of the Government of Syria responsible for managing the industrial sector in Syria. On 29 March 2025, the Ministry of Industry, the Ministry of Economy and Foreign Trade and the Ministry of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection were merged to become the Ministry of Economy and Industry.

The president of Syria, officially the president of the Syrian Arab Republic, (Arabic: رئيس الجمهورية العربية السورية, romanized: Ra'īs al-Jumhūriyyah al-ʿArabiyyah as-Sūriyyah), is the head of state and head of government of Syria. The president directs the executive branch of the Syrian government and serves as the commander-in-chief of the Syrian Army and Armed Forces. The president represents the nation in international relations and formalizes treaties with foreign countries.

In 1922, French authorities created the Syrian Federation under the Mandate for Syria and Lebanon, with Subhi Barakat serving as its president. The federation was short-lived and was replaced by the State of Syria in 1925. Barakat briefly remained president until the outbreak of the Great Syrian Revolt later that year, which led to his resignation. He was succeeded by Ahmad Nami, who served as president until his removal in 1928. In the following years, the Syrian presidency underwent several changes in leadership, including a coup by Husni al-Za'im in March 1949, followed by another led by Adib Shishakli in 1951. Following the 1958 referendum, Syria joined the United Arab Republic, and its president Gamal Nasser, also became the Syrian president in the same referendum. This lasted for three years until the 1961 coup, when Syria restored its independence and the 1950 constitution.

The 2012 Constitution of Syria was the constitution of Ba'athist Syria between 27 February 2012 until the fall of the Assad regime on 8 December 2024. It replaced the 1973 constitution.

Following the 2011 Syrian revolution, Ba'athist Syria drafted a new constitution and put it to a referendum on 26 February 2012, which was unmonitored by international observers. The modifications in the constitution were cosmetic and part of Ba'athist government's response to the nationwide protests. Since the move monopolized power of the Government of Syria and was drafted without consultation outside loyalist circles, Syrian opposition and revolutionary parties boycotted the referendum, resulting in very low participation as per Assad government's data. The referendum resulted in the adoption of the new constitution, which came into force on 27 February 2012.