A combined authority (CA) is a type of local government body introduced in England outside Greater London by the Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009. CAs are created voluntarily and allow a group of local authorities to pool appropriate responsibility and receive certain devolved functions from central government, creating a form of regional government able to deliver transport and economic policy more effectively over a wider area. In areas where local government is two-tier, both tiers must participate in the combined authority.
A combined county authority (CCA) is a similar local government body introduced by the Levelling-up and Regeneration Act 2023. They differ from combined authorities primarily in that they may only be formed by county councils and unitary authorities. The members of the CCA are appointed by its constituent councils. In addition, the CCA may appoint additional members and allow another body to nominate members; these members are non-voting unless decided otherwise.