Betawi language in the context of "East Jakarta"

Indonesian slang vernacular (Indonesian: bahasa gaul, Betawi: basa gaul), or Jakarta colloquial speech (Indonesian: bahasa informal, bahasa sehari-hari) is a term that subsumes various urban vernacular and non-standard styles of expression used throughout Indonesia that are not necessarily mutually intelligible. Regional slang from the capital of Jakarta, based on Betawi language, is however heavily exposed and promoted in national media, and considered the de facto Indonesian slang. Despite its direct origins, Indonesian slang often differs quite significantly in both vocabulary and grammatical structure from the most standard form of Indonesia's national language. These expressions are neither standardized nor taught in any formal establishments, but rather function in daily discourse, usually in informal settings. Several dictionaries of bahasa gaul has been published. Indonesian speakers regularly mix several regional slangs in their conversations regardless of origin, but depending on the audience and the familiarity level with the listeners.

Depok (Betawi: Dèpok, Sundanese: ᮓᮦᮕᮧᮊ᮪) is a landlocked city in West Java province. It is located directly south of Jakarta, and it is the third largest urban center in the Greater Jakarta metropolitan area after Jakarta and Bekasi, covering an area of about 199.91 km. Known as a center of education and commerce, the city had a population of 1,738,600 at the 2010 census and 2,056,400 at the 2020 census; the official estimate for mid 2024 was 2,163,635 (comprising 1,088,759 males and 1,074,876 females), resulting in a density of about 10,823 people per km. Depok became an independent city on 20 April 1999, having previously been part of Bogor Regency. It is the second most populous suburban city in Indonesia after Bekasi, and among the ten most populous suburban cities in the world.

Bekasi (Indonesian pronunciation: [bəˈkasi] , Betawi: Bèkasi; Bekasih, Sundanese: ᮘᮨᮊᮞᮤ) is the city with the largest population in the province of West Java, Indonesia, located on the eastern border of Jakarta. It serves as a commuter city within the Greater Jakarta. According to the 2020 Census by Statistics Indonesia (BPS), Bekasi had 2,543,676 inhabitants. The official estimate for mid 2024 was 2,644,058 (comprising 1,327,954 males and 1,316,104 females). It lies within the largest metropolitan area in Indonesia (Jabodetabek). The city is bordered by Bekasi Regency (from which the city was separated administratively on 16 December 1996) to the north and the east, Bogor Regency and Depok City to the south, and the city of East Jakarta to the west.

Bekasi is one of the oldest cities in Indonesia, and has a history of being the capital city of the Kingdom of Tarumanagara. At that time, the name of Bekasi was Dayeuh Sundasembawa or Jayagiri. The earliest evidence of its existence dates from the fifth century according to the Tugu inscription, which describes the name of two rivers that run through the city, i.e. Candrabhaga and Gomati and one of those rivers, i.e. Candrabhaga is the origin of the name Bekasi where the name Candrabhaga evolved into "Bhagasasi" – due to the Sanskrit word candra (which means moon) evolved into Old Sundanese word 'sasi' which also means moon – and then the name Bhagasasi was mis-spelt as "Bhagasi", and then the Dutch colonial government also mis-spelt the name Bhagasi as "Bacassie", and finally it became "Bekasi". During the Dutch East Indies period, Bekasi was a part of Batavia residency. As a dormitory city, many middle-upper class satellite areas have been developed in Bekasi, complete with their own shopping malls, schools, hospitals, club houses, water park, and shuttle bus services to central Jakarta. The large number of multinational companies has apparently attracted many expatriates (mainly Japanese and Korean) to settle in Bekasi.

Jawi (جاوي‎; Acehnese: Jawoë; Malay: Jawi; Malay pronunciation: [d͡ʒä.wi]) is a writing system used for writing several languages of Southeast Asia, such as Acehnese, Banjarese, Betawi, Iranun, Kutainese, Maguindanao, Malay, Mëranaw, Minangkabau, Tausūg, Ternate, and many other languages in Southeast Asia. Jawi is based on the Arabic script, consisting of all 31 original Arabic letters, six letters constructed to fit phonemes native to Malay, and one additional phoneme used in foreign loanwords, but not found in Classical Arabic, which are ca (⟨چ‎⟩ /t͡ʃ/), nga (⟨ڠ‎⟩ /ŋ/), pa (⟨ڤ‎⟩ /p/), ga (⟨ݢ‎⟩ /ɡ/), va (⟨ۏ‎⟩ /v/), and nya (⟨ڽ‎⟩ /ɲ/).

Jawi was developed during the advent of Islam in Maritime Southeast Asia, supplanting the earlier Brahmic scripts used during Hindu-Buddhist era. The oldest evidence of Jawi writing can be found on the 14th century Terengganu Inscription Stone, a text in Classical Malay that contains a mixture of Malay, Sanskrit and Arabic vocabularies. However, the script may have used as early as the 9th century, when Peureulak Sultanate has been established by the son of a Persian preacher. There are two competing theories on the origins of the Jawi alphabet. Popular theory suggests that the system was developed and derived directly from the Arabic script, while scholars like R. O. Windstedt suggest it was developed with the influence of the Perso-Arabic alphabet.

Central Jakarta (Indonesian: Jakarta Pusat, Betawi: Jakarté Bèlah Tengah), abbreviated as Jakpus, is one of the five administrative cities (kota administrasi) and de facto Capital City of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. It had 902,973 inhabitants according to the 2010 census and 1,056,896 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 1,103,357, comprising 553,471 males and 549,886 females. Central Jakarta is not self-governed and does not have a city council, hence it is not classified as a proper municipality.

Central Jakarta is the smallest in area and population of the five administrative cities of Jakarta. It is both the administrative and political center of Jakarta and Indonesia. Central Jakarta contains several large international hotels and major landmarks such as Hotel Indonesia.

Bogor Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Bogor, Indonesian pronunciation: [kabuˌpat̪ɛn ˈbɔɡɔr]; Sundanese: ᮊᮘᮥᮕᮒᮨᮔ᮪ ᮘᮧᮌᮧᮁ, romanized: Kabupatén Bogor, Betawi: Kabupatén Bogor) is a landlocked regency (kabupaten) of West Java province in Indonesia, situated 40-50 kilometers south from the city of Jakarta as a national capital. Covering an area of 2,767.27 km, it is considered largely a bedroom community for Jakarta, and was home to 5,427,068 people at the 2020 census. The official estimate as at mid 2024 was 5,809,790. The town of Cibinong serves as the seat of the regency administration.

The area has witnessed significant population growth. Two areas formerly within the regency have been split off as autonomous cities; on 27 April 1999, the city of Depok was unified with some neighbouring districts of Bogor Regency to form an autonomous city of Depok (independent of the regency), while Bogor city had previously been formed as an autonomous city (similarly independent of the regency). In spite of these subtractions, Bogor Regency remains the most populous regency in Indonesia.

ŤBekasi Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Bekasi; Betawi: Kabupatén Bèkasi; Sundanese: ᮊᮘᮥᮕᮒᮦᮔ᮪ ᮘᮨᮊᮞᮤ, romanized: Kabupatén Bekasi) is a regency (kabupaten) of West Java Province, Indonesia. Its regency seat is in the district of Central Cikarang. It is bordered by Jakarta Special Region (the administrative cities of North Jakarta and East Jakarta) and by Bekasi City (which is a separate administration from the Regency) to the west, by Bogor Regency to the south, by Karawang Regency to the east and by the Java Sea to the north.

This highly urbanised area (largely suburban to Jakarta to its west) has a land area of 1,157.73 km (447.00 sq mi) and contained 2,630,401 people at the 2010 Census and 3,113,017 at the 2020 Census, with an average density of 2,570 inhabitants per square kilometre (6,700/sq mi). The official estimate as at mid 2024 was 3,387,601, making it the fourth most populous regency in Indonesia after Bogor Regency, Bandung Regency and Tangerang Regency. The figures for Bekasi Regency exclude the area and population of the separate City of Bekasi (with 2,644,058 inhabitants in mid 2024), which lies between the Regency and Jakarta, and has been independent of the Regency since 16 December 1996.