Zeno (Greek: Ζήνων; fl. 447–451) was an influential general and politician of the Eastern Roman Empire, of Isaurian origin, who served as magister militum per Orientem, and became consul and patricius.
Zeno (Greek: Ζήνων; fl. 447–451) was an influential general and politician of the Eastern Roman Empire, of Isaurian origin, who served as magister militum per Orientem, and became consul and patricius.
Isaura Palaea (Ancient Greek: Ἴσαυρα Παλαιά, romanized: Isaura Palaia), in Latin Isaura Vetus, both meaning Old Isaura, and perhaps identical to Isauropolis (Ancient Greek: Ἰσαυρόπολις), was a Roman and Byzantine era town in southern Turkey. In antiquity the city was in Isauria (Ἰσαυρία) district of Lycaonia in today's southern Turkey (modern Konya Province). Its site is identified as near Bozkır.
Possibly also known as Isaura Vetus, the city was in the Anatolian countryside of what was Lycaonia in today's southern Turkey and may have been the chief town of Isauria (Ἰσαυρία) district. The town was mentioned by Sozomen, Ptolemy, and Heirocles. About 450 Maximinus entered the town in his war with Zeno. Its location is not known, but suggestions include Siristat or Tris Maden, about 13 mi (21 km) west of Isaura, or Isaura Vetus. It must have been near Isaura Nova with which it was joined.
Marcian (/ˈmɑːrʃən/; Latin: Marcianus; Ancient Greek: Μαρκιανός Markianos; c. 392 – 27 January 457) was Roman emperor of the East from 450 to 457. Very little is known of his life before becoming emperor, other than that he was a domesticus (personal assistant) who served under the commanders Ardabur and his son Aspar for fifteen years. After the death of Emperor Theodosius II on 28 July 450, Marcian was made a candidate for the throne by Aspar, who held much influence because of his military power. After a month of negotiations Pulcheria, Theodosius' sister, agreed to marry Marcian. Zeno, a military leader whose influence was similar to Aspar's, may have been involved in these negotiations, as he was given the high-ranking court title of patrician upon Marcian's accession. Marcian was elected and inaugurated on 25 August 450.
Marcian reversed many of the actions of Theodosius II in the Eastern Roman Empire's relationship with the Huns under Attila and in religious matters. Marcian almost immediately revoked all treaties with Attila, ending all subsidy payments to him. In 452, while Attila was raiding Roman Italy, then a part of the Western Roman Empire, Marcian launched expeditions across the Danube into the Great Hungarian Plain, defeating the Huns in their own heartland. This action, accompanied by the famine and plague that broke out in northern Italy, allowed the Western Roman Empire to bribe Attila into retreating from the Italian peninsula.