The Government of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in Exile (Serbo-Croatian: Vlada Kraljevine Jugoslavije u egzilu, Влада Краљевине Југославије у егзилу) was an official government-in-exile of Yugoslavia, headed by King Peter II. It evacuated from Belgrade in April 1941, after the Axis invasion of the country, and went first to Greece, then to Palestine, then to Egypt, and finally, in June 1941, to the United Kingdom. Hence, it is also referred to as the "Government in London" (Vlada u Londonu, Влада у Лондону). It was dissolved in March 1945.
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👉 Yugoslav government-in-exile in the context of Democratic Federal Yugoslavia
Democratic Federal Yugoslavia, also known as Democratic Federative Yugoslavia (DF Yugoslavia or DFY), was a provisional state established during World War II on 29 November 1943 through the Second Session of the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNOJ). The National Committee for the Liberation of Yugoslavia (NKOJ) was its original executive body. Throughout its existence it was governed by Marshal Josip Broz Tito as prime minister.
It was recognized by the Allies at the Tehran Conference, along with the AVNOJ as its deliberative body. The Yugoslav government-in-exile of King Peter II in London, partly due to pressure from the United Kingdom, recognized the AVNOJ government with the Treaty of Vis, signed on 16 June 1944 between the prime minister of the government-in-exile, Ivan Šubašić, and Tito. With the Treaty of Vis, the government-in-exile and the NKOJ agreed to merge into a provisional government as soon as possible. The form of the new government was agreed upon in a second Tito–Šubašić agreement signed on 1 November 1944 in the recently liberated Yugoslav capital of Belgrade. This Yugoslavia became one of the founding members of the United Nations upon the signing of the UN Charter in October 1945.
In this Dossier
- ⭐ Core Definition: Yugoslav government-in-exile
- 👉 Yugoslav government-in-exile in the context of Democratic Federal Yugoslavia
- Yugoslav government-in-exile in the context of Provisional Government of the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia
- Yugoslav government-in-exile in the context of Živan Knežević
- Yugoslav government-in-exile in the context of Radoje Knežević
- Yugoslav government-in-exile in the context of National Committee for the Liberation of Yugoslavia
- Yugoslav government-in-exile in the context of Treaty of Vis
Yugoslav government-in-exile in the context of Provisional Government of the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia
The Provisional Government of the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croatian: Privremena vlada Demokratske Federativne Jugoslavije / Привремена влада Демократске Федеративне Југославије) was Democratic Federal Yugoslavia's temporary national government formed through the merger of the Yugoslav government-in-exile and the National Committee for the Liberation of Yugoslavia (NKOJ). It existed from 7 March to 11 November 1945. It then became the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia in late 1945, which in turn became the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1963 to 1992.
Yugoslav government-in-exile in the context of Živan Knežević
Živan Knežević (Serbian Cyrillic: Живан Кнежевић; 28 July 1906 – 1 December 1984) was a major in the Yugoslav Royal Guards who was a key conspirator in the Yugoslav coup d'état of 27 March 1941 that deposed the regency of Prince Paul, Dr. Radenko Stanković and Dr. Ivo Perović, as well as the government of Prime Minister Dragiša Cvetković.
Knežević and his fellow plotters declared the 17-year-old King Peter to be of age and brought to power a government of national unity led by Air Force General Dušan Simović. The coup resulted in the German-led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia during which the armed forces of Yugoslavia were defeated within 11 days. Fleeing the country by air, Knežević was based in Alexandria for a period, where he briefly commanded a battalion of Yugoslav Royal Guards formed with British assistance. He subsequently served as a military liaison officer between the Chetniks of Draža Mihailović and the Yugoslav government-in-exile then after promotion to lieutenant colonel he served as a military attaché in the United States until the end of the war, by which time he had achieved the rank of colonel. He remained in the US after the war and died in 1984.
Yugoslav government-in-exile in the context of Radoje Knežević
Radoje Knežević (Serbian Cyrillic: Радоје Кнежевић; 20 August 1901 – 22 June 1983) was a key member of the group that organised the Yugoslav coup d'état of 27 March 1941 that deposed the regency of Prince Paul, Dr. Radenko Stanković and Dr. Ivo Perović, along with the government of Prime Minister Dragiša Cvetković. Following the coup he was appointed as the Minister of the Royal Court, and after the resulting invasion of Yugoslavia, he accompanied the King and government into exile in Cairo then London. Along with his brother Živan Knežević, he was a member of the so-called "League of Majors", which was at the centre of the ill-fated Greater Serbian agenda of the Yugoslav government-in-exile and who was instrumental in having Draža Mihailović appointed as Chief of Staff of the Yugoslav Supreme Command. He was sidelined in June 1943 when he was appointed to the Yugoslav legation in Portugal. He remained in exile after the war, was sentenced to 10 years imprisonment with hard labour in absentia during the Belgrade Process conducted by the country's newly-established communist authorities, and emigrated to Canada where he lived until his death in 1983.
Yugoslav government-in-exile in the context of National Committee for the Liberation of Yugoslavia
The National Committee for the Liberation of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croatian: Nacionalni komitet oslobođenja Jugoslavije, Slovene: Nacionalni komite osvoboditve Jugoslavije, NKOJ), also known as the Yugoslav Committee of National Liberation, was the World War II provisional executive body of the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia, established on 29 November 1943 by the Yugoslav Partisans, a resistance movement and military arm of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, led by Josip Broz Tito; in opposition to the London-based Yugoslav government-in-exile, headed by King Peter II.
Yugoslav government-in-exile in the context of Treaty of Vis
The Tito–Šubašić Agreements (Serbo-Croatian: sporazumi Tito-Šubašić) are the result of a series of negotiations conducted by the leader of the Yugoslav Partisans, Josip Broz Tito, and the prime minister of the Yugoslav government-in-exile, Ivan Šubašić, in the second half of 1944 and early 1945. The agreements were designed to create a coalition government in post–World War II Yugoslavia that would be composed of representatives of the National Committee for the Liberation of Yugoslavia and the government-in-exile.
The negotiations and the resulting agreements were supported and promoted by the World War II Allies, especially the United Kingdom. The British saw the process as an opportunity to influence the formation of the post-war regime in Yugoslavia, which would otherwise be left entirely to Tito and, presumably, the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, which had spearheaded the Partisan resistance to the Axis occupation of the country. Tito saw the process as an opportunity to gain international diplomatic recognition of his power.