Vallum is either the whole or a portion of the fortifications of a Roman camp. The vallum usually comprised an earthen or turf rampart (Agger) with a wooden palisade on top, with a deep outer ditch (fossa). The name is derived from vallus (a stake), and properly means the palisade which ran along the outer edge of the top of the agger, but is usually used to refer to the whole fortification.
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👉 Vallum in the context of Valu lui Traian, Constanța
Valu lui Traian (historical name: Hasancea, Turkish: Hasançay) is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania.
The commune was established in 1897, under the name Hasancea. In 1925 it was renamed Valu lui Traian (Trajan's Wall), after the vallum located nearby. In 1967, the village of Valea Seacă (historical name: Omurcea, Turkish: Ömürçay) was merged into Valu lui Traian, now the commune's only village.
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Vallum in the context of Trajan's Wall
Trajan's Wall (Romanian: Valul lui Traian) is the name used for several linear earthen fortifications (Latin: valla) found across Eastern Europe, Moldova, Romania, and Ukraine. Contrary to the name and popular belief, evidence shows the ramparts were likely not built under the reign of Trajan, but later, in the period of Late Antiquity and Early Middle Ages. The association with the Roman Emperor Trajan may be a recent scholarly invention of the national awakening movement of the 19th century, linking the emerging identity of the modern Romanian people to the glory of Classical Rome. Documents from medieval Moldavia referred to the earthworks as Troian, likely in reference to a mythological hero in the Romanian and Slavic folklore. The other major earthen fortification in Romania, Brazda lui Novac (Novac's Furrow), is also named after a mythological hero.