Ukrainian orthography in the context of "Orthographic depth"

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πŸ‘‰ Ukrainian orthography in the context of Orthographic depth

The orthographic depth of an alphabetic orthography indicates the degree to which a written language deviates from simple one-to-one letter–phoneme correspondence. It depends on how easy it is to predict the pronunciation of a word based on its spelling: shallow orthographies are easy to pronounce based on the written word, and deep orthographies are difficult to pronounce based on how they are written.

In shallow orthographies, the spelling-sound correspondence is direct: from the rules of pronunciation, one is able to pronounce the word correctly. That is to say, shallow (transparent) orthographies, also called phonemic orthographies, have a one-to-one relationship between its graphemes and phonemes, and the spelling of words is very consistent. Examples include Japanese kana, Hindi, Lao (since 1975), Spanish, Finnish, Turkish, Georgian, Latin, Italian, Serbo-Croatian, Ukrainian, and Welsh.

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Ukrainian orthography in the context of Ukrainian orthography of 1928

The Ukrainian orthography of 1928 (Ukrainian: Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ΡΡŒΠΊΠΈΠΉ правопис 1928 Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΡƒ, romanized:Β Ukrainskyi pravopys 1928 roku), also Kharkiv orthography (Ukrainian: Π₯Π°Ρ€ΠΊΡ–Π²ΡΡŒΠΊΠΈΠΉ правопис, romanized:Β Kharkivskyi pravopys) is the Ukrainian orthography of the Ukrainian language, adopted in 1927 by voting at the All-Ukrainian spelling conference, which took place in the then capital of the Ukrainian SSR, in the city of Kharkiv, with the participation of representatives of Ukrainian lands, which were then part of different states.

Mykola Skrypnyk, the People's Commissar for Education, officially approved the Ukrainian orthography of 1928 on 6 September 1928, which is why this orthography is also called Orthography of Skrypnyk (Ukrainian: ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΜΠΏΠΈΡ Бкри́пника, romanized:Β Pravopys Skrypnyka), or Skrypnykivka (Ukrainian: Бкрипникі́вка). The main linguist-ideologist of this orthography was Hryhorii Holoskevych, who compiled and published in 1929 the Orthographic Dictionary, which in practice showed all the innovations of the new orthography of 1928, so this orthography is sometimes called Orthography of Holoskevych (Ukrainian: ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΜΠΏΠΈΡ ГолоскС́вича, romanized:Β Pravopys Holoskevycha). Already on 31 March 1929, it was approved by the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, and on 29 May by the Shevchenko Scientific Society in LwΓ³w, Republic of Poland.The compilers of the Ukrainian orthography of 1928 were well-known Ukrainian linguists, most of whom were later repressed and their careers destroyed by the Stalinist regime, such as Ahatanhel Krymskyi, Leonid Bulakhovskyi, Olena Kurylo, Oleksa Syniavskyi, Yevhen Tymchenko, Mykola Hrunskyi, Vsevolod Hantsov, Mykola Nakonechnyi, Hryhorii Holoskevych, Borys Tkachenko and others. Members of the spelling commission were such Ukrainian writers as Maik Yohansen, Serhii Yefremov, Mykola Khvyliovyi, Mykhailo Yalovyi and others.

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