Turko-Afghan in the context of "Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji"

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⭐ Core Definition: Turko-Afghan

In the historiography of the Indian subcontinent, the term Turco-Afghan refers to the successive Islamic dynasties of the Ghaznavids, and the Delhi Sultanate, all of which had their origin in Turkic peoples from Central Asia. The Turco-Afghan period begins with the Ghaznavid campaigns in India in 1000 AD.

The Turco-Afghan Khalji dynasty, founded by Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji, was the second dynasty to rule the Delhi Sultanate from 1290 to 1320. The Khaljis originated from the Khalaj, a Turkic tribe which had been Pashtunized over time. Other branches of the Khaljis had also established themselves in Bengal (1204-1231) and Malwa (1401-1562).

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👉 Turko-Afghan in the context of Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji

Ikhtiyār al-Dīn Muḥammad Bin Bakhtiyār Khaljī (Persian: اختیارالدین محمد بن بختیار خلجی), also known as Bakhtiyar Khalji, (Bengali: বখতিয়ার খলজি, romanized: Bokhtiyar Kholjī), was a Turko-Afghan Military General of the Ghurid ruler Muhammad of Ghor, who led the Muslim conquests of the eastern Indian regions of Bengal and parts of Bihar and established himself as their deputy-ruler/governor, He was the founder of the Khalji dynasty of Bengal, ruling Bengal for a short period, from 1203 to 1227 CE.

Khalji's invasions of the Indian subcontinent between A.D. 1197 and 1206 led to mass flight and massacres of monks, and caused damage to the traditional Buddhist institutions of higher learning in Northern India. In Bengal, Khalji's reign was responsible for the displacement of Buddhism. The leading centre of teaching for Mahayana Buddhism was Nalanda. At the end of the 12th century, Bakhityar Khalji demolished the monastery in a brutal sacking.

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Turko-Afghan in the context of Khalji dynasty of Bengal

The Khalji dynasty (Bengali: খলজি রাজবংশ, Persian: خاندان خلجی) was the first Muslim dynasty to rule the Bengal region in the Indian subcontinent. The dynasty, which hailed from the Garmsir region of present-day Afghanistan, was founded in 1204 by Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji, a Muslim Turko-Afghan general of the Ghurid Empire. The Khaljis initially pledged allegiance to Sultan Muhammad of Ghor until his death in 1206, though their rule in Bengal was mostly independent. Under the rule of Iwaz Khalji, Bengal experienced major developments such as its first naval force, flood defence systems and linkage with the Grand Trunk Road. The dynasty was based in the city of Lakhnauti in northern Bengal, later expanding eastwards and southwards. Nasiruddin Mahmud, the son of Mamluk sultan Iltutmish of Delhi managed to conquer Bengal in 1227; although the Khaljis briefly reasserted their independence, they surrendered to the Mamluks in 1231, who replaced them with a series of regional governors.

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LINKED FROM (PARENTS)
← Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji ← Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khilji ← Bakhtiyar Khilji ← Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji ← Ikhtiyar Uddin Muhammad Bin Bakhtiyar Khalji ← Khalji dynasty of Bengal
LINKS TO (CHILDREN)
Islam → Ghaznavids → Delhi Sultanate → Turkic peoples → Central Asia → Ghaznavid campaigns in India → Khalji dynasty → Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji → Khalaj people → Pashtunized → Khalji dynasty (Bengal) → Malwa Sultanate →