Tithronium in the context of "Amphicaea"

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⭐ Core Definition: Tithronium

38°40′31″N 22°34′52″E / 38.67517°N 22.58105°E / 38.67517; 22.58105Tithronium or Tithronion (Ancient Greek: Τιθρώνιον), or Tethronium or Tethronion (Τεθρώνιον), was a frontier town of ancient Phocis, on the side of Doris. Livy, who calls it Tritonon, describes it as a town of Doris, but all other ancient writers place it in Phocis. During the Greco-Persian Wars, it was destroyed by the army of Xerxes I together with the other Phocian towns in 480 BCE. It is placed by Pausanias in the plain at the distance of 15 stadia from Amphicleia.

Its site has been located at a place called Palaiokastro (old castle).

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👉 Tithronium in the context of Amphicaea

Amphicleia or Amphikleia (Ancient Greek: Ἀμφίκλεια) or Amphicaea or Amphikaia (Ἀμφίκαια) was a Greek town in the north of ancient Phocis, distant 60 stadia from Lilaea, and 15 stadia from Tithronium. It was destroyed by the Persian army of Xerxes in his invasion of Greece (480 BCE). Although Herodotus calls it Amphicaea, following the most ancient traditions, the Amphictyonic League gave it the name of Amphicleia in their decree respecting rebuilding the town (346 BCE). It also bore for some time the name of Ophiteia (Ὀφιτεία), in consequence of a legend, which Pausanias relates. The place was celebrated in the time of Pausanias for the worship of Dionysus, to which an inscription refers, found at the site of the ancient town.

The site of the ancient town is occupied by the cemetery of the modern town of Amfikleia. It is also the site of a medieval tower (Paliopyrgos), which has been built with extensive reuse of spolia from the acropolis of Amphicleia.

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Tithronium in the context of Doris (Greece)

Doris (Greek: ἡ Δωρίς, pl. Δωριῆς, Δωριεῖς; Latin: Dores, Dorienses) was a small mountainous district in ancient Greece, bounded by Aetolia, southern Thessaly, the Ozolian Locris, and Phocis. It is the original homeland of the Dorian Greeks. It lies between Mounts Oeta and Parnassus, and consists of the valley of the river Pindus (Πίνδος), a tributary of the Cephissus, into which it flows not far from the sources of the latter. The Pindus is now called the Apostoliá. This valley is open towards Phocis; but it lies higher than the valley of the Cephissus, rising above the towns of Drymaea, Tithronium, and Amphicaea, which are the last towns in Phocis.

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Tithronium in the context of Drymaea

38°42′18″N 22°32′29″E / 38.70507°N 22.54128°E / 38.70507; 22.54128

Drymaea or Drymaia (Ancient Greek: Δρυμαία) or Drymus or Drymos (Δρύμος) or Drymea or Drymia (Δρυμία) or Drymiae was a frontier town of ancient Phocis, on the side of Doris, whence it is included in the limits of Doris by Livy. Pausanias describes it as 80 stadia from Amphicleia: but this number appears to be an error of the copyists, since in the same passage he says that Amphicleia was only 15 stadia from Tithronium, and Tithronium 15 stadia from Drymaea, which would make Drymaea only 30 stadia from Amphicleia. He also speaks of an ancient temple of Demeter at Drymaea, containing an upright statue of the goddess in stone, in whose honour the annual festival of the Thesmophoria was celebrated. Its more ancient name is said to have been Nauboleis (Ναυβολεῖς), which was derived from Naubolus, an ancient Phocian hero, father of Iphitus.

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