Third inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt in the context of "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1941)"

⭐ In the context of the Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1941), the Third Inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt is historically significant because it represented a departure from what long-held American political custom?

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⭐ Core Definition: Third inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt

The third inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt as president of the United States was held on Monday, January 20, 1941, at the East Portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. This was the 39th inauguration and marked the commencement of the third and eventually final full term of Franklin D. Roosevelt as president and the only term of Henry A. Wallace as vice president. This was the first and only time a president has been inaugurated for a third term; after the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified in 1951, no person can be elected president more than twice, though three terms are still allowed provided at least one partial term of 2 years or less.

Chief Justice Charles Hughes administered the presidential oath of office to Roosevelt for the third and final time, who placed his hand upon the same family Bible used for his 1933 and 1937 inaugurations, open to 1 Corinthians 13, as he recited the oath. The outgoing vice president, John Nance Garner, administered the vice presidential oath to Wallace.

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👉 Third inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt in the context of Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1941)

The first term of the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt began on March 4, 1933, when he was inaugurated as the 32nd president of the United States, and the second term of his presidency ended on January 20, 1941, with his inauguration to a third term. Roosevelt, the Democratic governor of New York, took office after defeating incumbent president Herbert Hoover, his Republican opponent in the 1932 presidential election. Roosevelt led the implementation of the New Deal, a series of programs designed to provide relief, recovery, and reform to Americans and the American economy during the Great Depression. He also presided over a realignment that made his New Deal Coalition of labor unions, big city machines, white ethnics, African Americans, and rural white Southerners dominant in national politics until the 1960s and defined modern American liberalism.

During his first hundred days in office, Roosevelt spearheaded unprecedented major legislation and issued a profusion of executive orders. The Emergency Banking Act helped put an end to a run on banks, while the 1933 Banking Act and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 provided major reforms in the financial sector. To provide relief to unemployed workers, Roosevelt presided over the establishment of several agencies, including the Civilian Conservation Corps, the Public Works Administration, and the Federal Emergency Relief Administration. The Roosevelt administration established the Agricultural Adjustment Administration to implement new policies designed to prevent agricultural overproduction. It also established several agencies, most notably the National Recovery Administration, to reform the industrial sector, though it lasted only two years.

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Third inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt in the context of Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt (1941–1945)

The third presidential term of Franklin D. Roosevelt began on January 20, 1941, when he was once again inaugurated as the 32nd president of the United States, and the fourth term of his presidency ended with his death on April 12, 1945. Roosevelt won a third term by defeating Republican nominee Wendell Willkie in the 1940 presidential election. He remains the only president to serve for more than two terms. Unlike his first two terms, Roosevelt's third and fourth terms were dominated by foreign policy concerns, as the United States became involved in World War II in December 1941.

Roosevelt won congressional approval of the Lend-Lease program, which was designed to aid the United Kingdom in its war against Nazi Germany, while the U.S. remained officially neutral. After Germany began war against the Soviet Union in June 1941, Roosevelt extended Lend-Lease to the Soviet Union as well. In Asia, Roosevelt provided aid to the Republic of China, which was resisting an invasion by the Empire of Japan. In response to the July 1941 Japanese occupation of French Indochina, Roosevelt expanded a trade embargo to cut off oil that Japan urgently needed for its fleet. When Roosevelt refused to end the embargo, on December 7, 1941, Japan launched an attack on the U.S. fleet stationed at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. Isolationist sentiment in the U.S. immediately collapsed and Congress declared war on Japan. After Germany declared war on the U.S., Congress declared war on Germany and Italy. To win the war, the U.S., Britain and the Soviet Union assembled a large coalition of the Allies. The U.S. funded much of the war efforts of the other allies, and supplied munitions, food, and oil. In consultation with his Army and Navy and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, Roosevelt decided on a Europe first strategy, which focused on defeating Germany before Japan. In practice, however, in 1942 and 1943 the U.S. focused on fighting Japan.

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LINKED FROM (PARENTS)
← Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1941) ← Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt (1941–1945) ← Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms
LINKS TO (CHILDREN)
United States presidential inauguration → Franklin D. Roosevelt → President of the United States → United States Capitol → Washington, D.C. → Henry A. Wallace → Vice President of the United States → Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution → Chief Justice of the United States → Charles Evans Hughes → Oath of office of the president of the United States → John Nance Garner → Oath of office of the vice president of the United States →