The Third Saudi state is the current Saudi state and heir to the two earlier states: the first and the second, founded by Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Rahman (also known as "Ibn Saud"), who managed to capture the city of Riyadh on January 13, 1902. A long series of conflicts and conquests ultimately led to the establishment of the modern and contemporary Saudi state, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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👉 Third Saudi State in the context of Al-Jawf Province
Al-Jawf Province, also known as Al-Jawf Region also spelled Al-Jouf (Arabic: منطقة الجوف Minṭaqat al-Jawf, Arabic pronunciation: [alˈdʒoːf]), is a province in Saudi Arabia, located in the north of the country, partially bordered by Jordan to the west. It is one of the earliest inhabited regions of the Arabian Peninsula.29°30′N 39°30′E / 29.500°N 39.500°E
With evidence of human habitation dating back to the Stone Age and the Acheulean tool culture. Human settlement continued unbroken throughout the Copper Age, a period that saw the kingdom of Qidar fight against the Assyrian state for its independence. It is also in this period that references to Arabs first appear in historical texts. A Christian kingdom later emerged under the rule of the Bani Kalb tribe and survived until the arrival of Islam and the Islamic conquest of Al-Jawf. Following the region's Islamization it fell under the control of the Tayy tribe. Al-Jouf was incorporated into the third Saudi state at the time of its formation in 1932. In the 20th century the region was a site of conflict between the House of Rashid and the House of Al-Shaalan, though it eventually came under the rule of Ibn Saud of House of Saud.
In this Dossier
- ⭐ Core Definition: Third Saudi State
- 👉 Third Saudi State in the context of Al-Jawf Province
- Third Saudi State in the context of Sultanate of Nejd
- Third Saudi State in the context of Emirate of Nejd and Hasa
- Third Saudi State in the context of Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd
- Third Saudi State in the context of Emirate of Riyadh
Third Saudi State in the context of Sultanate of Nejd
The Sultanate of Nejd (Arabic: سلطنة نجد, Salṭanat Najd) was the third iteration of the Third Saudi State, from 1921 to 1926. It was a monarchy led by the House of Saud, and a legal predecessor of modern-day Saudi Arabia. This version of the Third Saudi State was created when Abdulaziz ibn Saud, Emir of Riyadh, declared himself sultan over Nejd and its dependencies. On the 2nd of December 1922, the Nejd signed an agreement with Kuwait defining their border with each other. The border would be a straight line along the 29th parallel. In December 1925, the Kingdom of Hejaz surrendered to the forces of ibn Saud, who was thereafter proclaimed king of the Hejaz in January 1926 and merged his dominions into the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd.
Third Saudi State in the context of Emirate of Nejd and Hasa
The Emirate of Nejd and Hasa was the second iteration of the Third Saudi State from 1913 to 1921. It was a monarchy led by the House of Saud. The state was formed after Saudi forces seized al-Hasa from the control of the Ottoman Empire garrison, during the Conquest of al-Hasa. It was the direct antecedent of the Sultanate of Nejd, and a legal predecessor of modern-day Saudi Arabia.
Third Saudi State in the context of Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd
The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (Arabic: مملكة الحجاز ونجد, Mamlakat al-Ḥijāz wa-Najd), initially the Kingdom of Hejaz and Sultanate of Nejd (Arabic: مملكة الحجاز وسلطنة نجد, Mamlakat al-Ḥijāz wa-Salṭanat Najd), was a dual monarchy ruled by Abdulaziz (Ibn Saud) following the Saudi conquest of Hejaz by the Sultanate of Nejd in 1925. It was the fourth iteration of the Third Saudi State.
In 1932, the two kingdoms were unified as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Third Saudi State in the context of Emirate of Riyadh
The Emirate of Riyadh was the first iteration of the Third Saudi State from 1902 to 1913. It was a monarchy led by the House of Saud. The state was formed after Saudi forces seized Riyadh from the control of the Emirate of Jabal Shammar, led by the House of Rashid, during the Battle of Riyadh. It was the direct antecedent of the Emirate of Nejd and Hasa, and the earliest legal predecessor of present-day Saudi Arabia. Al-Hasa was conquered in 1913.