The Nation was an Irish nationalist weekly newspaper, published in the 1840s initially in support of the Repeal Association of Daniel O'Connell. Against the background of the Great Famine, the Young Ireland group of writers associated with the weekly, broke with O'Connell arguing for a radical confrontation with the system of British rule. After the abortive Rebellion of 1848, many of the group were convicted of sedition, and the paper was suppressed.
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The Society for the Preservation of the Irish Language (SPIL; Irish: Cumann Buan-Choimeádta na Gaeilge) was a cultural organisation in late 19th-century Ireland, which was part of the Gaelic revival of the period.
It was founded on 29 December 1876. Present at the meeting were Charles Dawson, High Sheriff of Limerick, T. D. Sullivan, editor of The Nation; and Bryan O'Looney. Writing in 1937, Douglas Hyde also remembers himself, George Sigerson, Thomas O'Neill Russell, J. J. McSweeney of the Royal Irish Academy, and future MP James O'Connor as being present. Its patron was John MacHale, Archbishop of Tuam, its first president was Lord Francis Conyngham, and its first vice-presidents included Isaac Butt and The O'Conor Don.
Young Ireland (Irish: Éire Óg, IPA: [ˈeːɾʲə ˈoːɡ]) was a political and cultural movement in the 1840s committed to an all-Ireland struggle for independence and democratic reform. Grouped around the Dublin weekly The Nation, it took issue with the compromises and clericalism of the larger national movement, Daniel O'Connell's Repeal Association, from which it seceded in 1847. Despairing, in the face of the Great Famine, of any other course, in 1848 Young Irelanders attempted an insurrection. Following the arrest and the exile of most of their leading figures, the movement split between those who carried the commitment to "physical force" forward into the Irish Republican Brotherhood, and those who sought to build a "League of North and South" linking an independent Irish parliamentary party to tenant agitation for land reform.