Ternate (Indonesian pronunciation: [t̪ərˈnat̪e]), also known as the City of Ternate (Indonesian: Kota Ternate; Indonesian pronunciation: [ˌkot̪a t̪ərˈnat̪e]), is the city with the largest population in the province of North Maluku and an island in the Maluku Islands, Indonesia. It was the de facto provincial capital of North Maluku before Sofifi on the nearby coast of Halmahera became the capital in 2010. It is off the west coast of Halmahera, and is composed of five islands: Ternate, the biggest and main island of the city, and Moti, Hiri, Tifure and Mayau (the latter two constitute the Batang Dua Islands, together with the small ofshore islets of Makka, Mano and Gurida). In total, the city has a land area of 162.20 square kilometres and had a total population of 185,705 according to the 2010 census, and 205,001 according to the 2020 census, with a density of 1,264 people per square kilometre; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 210,836 (comprising 104,128 males and 100,792 females in 2023). It is the biggest and most densely populated city in the province, as well as the economic, cultural, and education center of North Maluku, and acts as a hub to neighbouring regions. It was the capital of the Sultanate of Ternate in the 15th and 16th centuries, and fought against the Sultanate of Tidore over control of the spice trade in the Moluccas before becoming a main interest to competing European powers.
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👉 Ternate in the context of North Maluku
North Maluku (Indonesian: Maluku Utara; Indonesian pronunciation: [maˌluku (ʔ)uˈt̪ara]) is a province of Indonesia. It covers the northern part of the Maluku Islands, bordering the Pacific Ocean to the north, the Halmahera Sea to the east, the Molucca Sea to the west, and the Seram Sea to the south. It shares maritime borders with North Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi to the west; Maluku (province) to the south; Southwest Papua to the east; and Palau to the north. The provincial capital is Sofifi, mostly part of the city of Tidore Islands on the largest island of Halmahera, while the largest city is the island city of Ternate. The population of North Maluku was 1,038,087 in the 2010 census, making it one of the least-populous provinces in Indonesia, but by the 2020 Census the population had risen to 1,282,937, and the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 1,355,620 (comprising 694,630 males and 660,990 females).
North Maluku was originally the centre of the four largest Islamic sultanates in the eastern Indonesian archipelago—Bacan, Jailolo, Tidore and Ternate—known as the Moloku Kië Raha (the Four Mountains of Maluku). Upon Europeans' arrival at the beginning of the 16th century, North Maluku became the site of competition between the Portuguese, Spanish and the Dutch to control trade. In the end, the Dutch emerged victorious, beginning three centuries of Dutch rule in the region. The Japanese invaded the region during World War II, and Ternate became the center of the Japanese rule of the Pacific region. Following Indonesian independence, the region became a part of the province of Maluku.
- ⭐ Core Definition: Ternate
- 👉 Ternate in the context of North Maluku
- Ternate in the context of Halmahera
- Ternate in the context of Alor archipelago
- Ternate in the context of Sofifi
- Ternate in the context of Tidore
- Ternate in the context of Ternate language
- Ternate in the context of Francisco Serrão
- Ternate in the context of Tambora language
Ternate in the context of Halmahera
Halmahera, formerly known as Jilolo, Gilolo, or Jailolo, is the largest island in the Maluku Islands. It is part of the North Maluku province of Indonesia, and Sofifi, the capital of the province, is located on the west coast of the island.
Halmahera has a land area of 17,780 km (6,860 sq mi). It is the largest island of Indonesia outside the five main islands. It had a population of 162,728 in 1995; by 2010, it had increased to 449,938 for the island itself (excluding the tip which is considered part of the Joronga Islands, but including Gebe and Ju islands) and 667,161 for the island group (including all of South Halmahera and Tidore, but not Ternate). Approximately half of the island's inhabitants are Muslim and half are Christian.
Ternate in the context of Alor archipelago
The Alor Archipelago (Indonesian: Kepulauan Alor; Indonesian pronunciation: [kəpuˌlawan ˈalɔr]) is part of Indonesia and is located in the eastern part of Lesser Sunda Islands.
Alor is the largest island in the archipelago which is located at its eastern end. Pantar is the second-largest island in the archipelago, situated between Alor and Lembata. Smaller islands in the group include Pura, Reta, Ternate (not to be confused with Ternate in the North Moluccas), and Treweng, all situated in the Pantar Strait between the two main islands, and Marisa, Rusa and Kambing off the west coast of Pantar in the Alor Strait. Administratively, the Alor archipelago forms its own regency (Indonesian: kabupaten) within the province of East Nusa Tenggara. The Regency is divided into seventeen districts and 158 villages, and has an area of 2,928.88 km and a population at the 2020 Census of 211,872; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 216,626.
Ternate in the context of Sofifi
Sofifi is a town on the west coast of the Indonesian island of Halmahera, and since 2010 has been the capital of the province of North Maluku. It straddles between the North Oba (Oba Utara) District of the city of Tidore Islands as well parts of the South Jailolo (Jailolo Selatan) District of the West Halmahera Regency. At the 2020 Census, the town had a population of 2,498, while North Oba District had a population of 19,552. Previously, Ternate had been the province's capital.
Tourism-wise, Sofifi is far from being a popular destination. It is a spread-out place connected by wide roads and interspersed with forlorn-looking government buildings, Sofifi serves travellers mainly as a junction on the route to Tobelo.
Ternate in the context of Tidore
Tidore (Indonesian: Kota Tidore Kepulauan, lit. "City of Tidore Islands") is a city, island, and archipelago in the Maluku Islands of eastern Indonesia, west of the larger island of Halmahera. Part of North Maluku Province, the city includes the island of Tidore (with three smaller outlying islands - Mare, Maitara and Filonga) together with a large part of Halmahera Island to its east. In the pre-colonial era, the Sultanate of Tidore was a major regional political and economic power, and a fierce rival of nearby Ternate, just to the north. Included within the city is the provincial capital, Sofifi, which is situated on the mainland of Halmahera (in North Oba District).
Ternate in the context of Ternate language
Ternate is a language of northern Maluku, eastern Indonesia. It is spoken by the Ternate people, who inhabit the island of Ternate, as well as many other areas of the archipelago. It is the dominant indigenous language of North Maluku, historically important as a regional lingua franca. A North Halmahera language, it is unlike most languages of Indonesia which belong to the Austronesian language family.
Due to the historical role of the Ternate Sultanate, Ternate influence is present in many languages of eastern Indonesia. Borrowings from Ternate extend beyond the Maluku Islands, reaching the regions of central and northern Sulawesi. Languages such as Taba and West Makian have borrowed much of their polite lexicons from Ternate, while the languages of northern Sulawesi have incorporated many Ternate vocabulary items related to kingship and administration. The language has been a source of lexical and grammatical borrowing for North Moluccan Malay, the local variant of Malay, which has given rise to other eastern Indonesian offshoots of Malay, such as Manado Malay.
Ternate in the context of Francisco Serrão
Francisco Serrão (died 1521) was a Portuguese explorer and a possible cousin of Ferdinand Magellan. His 1512 voyage was the first known European sailing east past Malacca through modern Indonesia and the East Indies. He became a confidant of Sultan Bayan Sirrullah, the ruler of Ternate, becoming his personal advisor. He remained in Ternate where he died around the same time Magellan died.
Ternate in the context of Tambora language
Tambora is the poorly attested non-Austronesian (Papuan) language of the Tambora culture of central Sumbawa, in what is now Indonesia, that was made extinct by the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora. It was the westernmost known Papuan language and was relatively unusual among such languages in being the language of a maritime trading state, though contemporary Papuan trading states were also found off Halmahera in Ternate and Tidore.