Susanna the Deaconess in the context of "Archimandrite"

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⭐ Core Definition: Susanna the Deaconess

Susanna the Deaconess (Ancient Greek: Σωσάννα ἡ διακόνισσα) was a deaconess, cross-dressing saint and martyr who supposedly lived in Palestine in the 4th century.

According to her hagiographies, she chose to devote herself entirely to the Christian faith by cross-dressing as a man and joining a male monastery under the name "John". There, she led a pious life until she was discovered following false accusations of rape within the monastic community. She was later appointed as a deaconess by the bishop of Eleutheropolis. Finally, she would have been martyred under grim circumstances in the early 4th century in this city.

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👉 Susanna the Deaconess in the context of Archimandrite

The title archimandrite (/ˌɑːrkɪˈmændrt/; Greek: ἀρχιμανδρίτης, romanizedarchimandritēs), used in Eastern Christianity, originally referred to a superior abbot (hegumenos, Greek: ἡγούμενος, present participle of the verb meaning "to lead") whom a bishop appointed to supervise several "ordinary" abbots and monasteries, or as the abbot of some especially great and important monastery, but nowadays it is most often used purely as a title of honor (with no connection to any actual monastery) and is bestowed on a hieromonk as a mark of respect or gratitude for service to the Church.

This title is only given to those priests who have been tonsured monks, while distinguished non-monastic (typically married) priests would be given the title of protopresbyter. In history, some women were able to obtain that title, notably when cross-dressing as male monks, such as Susanna the Deaconess.

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