SsDNA in the context of Nitrogenous base

SsDNA in the context of Nitrogenous base

SsDNA Study page number 1 of 1

Play TriviaQuestions Online!

 or

Skip to study material about SsDNA in the context of "Nitrogenous base"

⭐ Core Definition: SsDNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid (pronunciation; DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix. The polymer carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses. DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are nucleic acids. Alongside proteins, lipids and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides), nucleic acids are one of the four major types of macromolecules that are essential for all known forms of life.

The two DNA strands are known as polynucleotides as they are composed of simpler monomeric units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of one of four nitrogen-containing nucleobases (cytosine [C], guanine [G], adenine [A] or thymine [T]), a sugar called deoxyribose, and a phosphate group. The nucleotides are joined to one another in a chain by covalent bonds (known as the phosphodiester linkage) between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next, resulting in an alternating sugar-phosphate backbone. The nitrogenous bases of the two separate polynucleotide strands are bound together, according to base pairing rules (A with T and C with G), with hydrogen bonds to make double-stranded DNA. The complementary nitrogenous bases are divided into two groups, the single-ringed pyrimidines and the double-ringed purines. In DNA, the pyrimidines are thymine and cytosine; the purines are adenine and guanine.

↓ Menu
HINT:

In this Dossier

SsDNA in the context of Complementary DNA

In genetics, complementary DNA (cDNA) is DNA that was reverse transcribed (via reverse transcriptase) from an RNA (e.g., messenger RNA or microRNA). cDNA exists in both single-stranded and double-stranded forms and in both natural and engineered forms.

In engineered forms, it often is a copy (replicate) of the naturally occurring DNA from any particular organism's natural genome; the organism's own mRNA was naturally transcribed from its DNA, and the cDNA is reverse transcribed from the mRNA, yielding a duplicate of the original DNA. Engineered cDNA is often used to express a specific protein in a cell that does not normally express that protein (i.e., heterologous expression), or to sequence or quantify mRNA molecules using DNA based methods (qPCR, RNA-seq). cDNA that codes for a specific protein can be transferred to a recipient cell for expression as part of recombinant DNA, often bacterial or yeast expression systems. cDNA is also generated to analyze transcriptomic profiles in bulk tissue, single cells, or single nuclei in assays such as microarrays, qPCR, and RNA-seq.

View the full Wikipedia page for Complementary DNA
↑ Return to Menu
LINKED FROM (PARENTS)
← Complementary DNA
LINKS TO (CHILDREN)
Double helix → B-DNA → Atom → Chemical element → Base pair → Polymer → Polynucleotide → Nucleic acid double helix → Genetics → Reproduction → Organism → Virus → Ribonucleic acid → Nucleic acid → Protein → Lipids → Polysaccharide → Macromolecule → Life → Monomer → Nucleotide → Nitrogenous base → Nucleobase → Cytosine → Guanine → Adenine → Thymine → Monosaccharide → Deoxyribose → Organophosphate → Covalent bond → Phosphodiester bond → Backbone chain → Hydrogen bond → Pyrimidine → Purine →