Sibiu County in the context of "Negoiu Peak"

Sibiu (/siːˈbjuː/ see-BEW, pronounced [siˈbiw], German: Hermannstadt [ˈhɛʁmanʃtat], Hungarian: Nagyszeben, Latin: Cibinium, Transylvanian Saxon: Härmeschtat or Hermestatt) is a city in central Romania, situated in the historical region of Transylvania. Located some 275 km (171 mi) north-west of Bucharest, the city straddles the Cibin River, a tributary of the Olt River. Now the seat of Sibiu County, between 1692 and 1791 and 1849–65, Sibiu was the capital of the Principality of Transylvania. Until 1876, the Hecht house in Sibiu served as the seat of the Transylvanian Saxon University.

Nicknamed The Town with Eyes for the eyebrow dormers on many old buildings, the town is a popular tourist destination. It is known for its culture, history, cuisine, and architecture.

Mediaș (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈmedi.aʃ] ; Latin: Media, German: Mediasch, Transylvanian Saxon: Medwesch/Medveš/Medwisch, Hungarian: Medgyes) is a city in Sibiu County, Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania. With a recorded history that began in the 13th century, it has nearly 40,000 residents today.

About 9.3% of Romania's population is represented by minorities (the rest of 77.7% being Romanians), and 13% unknown or undisclosed according to 2021 census. The principal minorities in Romania are Romani people, and Hungarians (Szeklers, Csangos, and Magyars; especially in Harghita, Covasna, and Mureș counties), with a declining German population (in Timiș, Sibiu, Brașov, or Suceava) and smaller numbers of Poles in Bukovina (Austria-Hungary attracted Polish miners, who settled there from the Kraków region in contemporary Poland during the 19th century), Serbs, Croats, Slovaks and Banat Bulgarians (in Banat), Ukrainians (in Maramureș and Bukovina), Greeks (Brăila, Constanța), Jews (Wallachia, Bucharest), Turks and Tatars (in Constanța), Armenians, Russians (Lipovans, in Tulcea), Afro-Romanians, and others.

To this day, minority populations are greatest in Transylvania and the Banat, historical regions situated in the north and west of the country which were former territorial possessions of either the Kingdom of Hungary, the Habsburgs, or the Austrian Empire (since 1867 the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary until World War I).

The Olt (Romanian and Hungarian; German: Alt; Latin: Aluta or Alutus, Turkish: Oltu, Ancient Greek: Ἄλυτος Alytos) is a river in Romania. It is 615 km (382 mi) long, and its basin area is 24,050 km (9,290 sq mi). It is the longest river flowing exclusively through Romania. Its average discharge at the mouth is 174 m/s (6,100 cu ft/s). It originates in the Hășmaș Mountains of the eastern Carpathian Mountains, near Bălan, close to the headwaters of the river Mureș. The Olt flows through the Romanian counties of Harghita, Covasna, Brașov, Sibiu, Vâlcea, and Olt. The river was known as Alutus or Aluta in Roman antiquity. Olt County and the historical province of Oltenia are named after the river.

Sfântu Gheorghe, Râmnicu Vâlcea and Slatina are the main cities on the river Olt. The Olt flows into the Danube river near Turnu Măgurele.

Transylvanian Landler (German: Siebenbürgisch Landlerisch) is a German dialect of the Transylvanian Landler (German: Siebenbürger Landler) community who lives in Sibiu County (German: Kreis Hermannstadt) in southern Transylvania, central Romania. Transylvanian Landler is a southern dialect of the German language and has many linguistic features in common with Bavarian (German: Bairisch). It is estimated that approximately 1,500 people speak this dialect of German at a native level.

The Cibin (German: Zibin; Hungarian: Szeben) is a river in central Romania, in the south part of Transylvania. Its source is close to the highest peak in the Cindrel Mountains (known also as Cibin Mountains) of the Southern Carpathian Mountains. Upstream from its confluence with the Râul Mic, the river is also called the Râul Mare. The river flows entirely in Sibiu County.

The Cibin is an important tributary of the river Olt, flowing into it near Tălmaciu, in the immediate vicinity of the Podu Olt railway station. Its length is 82 km (51 mi) and its basin size is 2,194 km (847 sq mi).

The Târnava Mare ("Great Târnava"; Hungarian: Nagy-Küküllő; German: Große Kokel) is a river in Romania. Its total length is 223 km (139 mi) and its basin size is 3,666 km (1,415 sq mi). Its source is in the Eastern Carpathian Mountains, near the sources of the Mureș and Olt in Harghita County. It flows through the Romanian counties of Harghita, Mureș, Sibiu, and Alba. The cities of Odorheiu Secuiesc, Sighișoara, and Mediaș lie on the Târnava Mare. It joins the Târnava Mică in Blaj, forming the Târnava.