Shardha Ram Phillauri (September 1837 – 24 June 1881) was an Indian writer, poet and social reformer, known for his contributions to Hindi and Punjabi literature. He is best known for his Hindu religious hymn Om Jai Jagdish Hare and Bhagyawati, one of the first novels in Hindi. Phillauri has also been called the "father of modern Punjabi prose". Born in Phillaur, he visited cities across Punjab and died in Lahore in 1881.
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👉 Shardha Ram Phillauri in the context of Om Jai Jagdish Hare
Om Jai Jagdish Hare (Hindi: ॐ जय जगदीश हरे) is a Hindu religious song written by Shardha Ram Phillauri. It is a Hindi-language composition dedicated to the deity Vishnu, popularly sung during the ritual of arti.
It has been described as a "film arti" due to its inclusion in the film Purab Aur Paschim (1970), after which it became immensely popular such that it entered temple pujas. Due to its popularisation by Bollywood cinema, it has been described as a "national arti" that is sung on any given religious occasion. In the late 1980s, it was associated with younger educated people whose notions of religious ritual had had greater influence from Hindi cinema than local religious tradition.
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Shardha Ram Phillauri in the context of Sanātana Dharma
Sanātana Dharma (Devanagari: सनातन धर्म, meaning "eternal dharma", or "eternal order") or Sanatanism is an alternative term for Hinduism, primarily used as an endonym (native name) to the exonym (foreign name) of Hinduism. The term is found in Sanskrit and other Indian languages.
The term denotes the "eternal" or absolute set of duties or religiously ordained practices incumbent upon all Hindus, regardless of class, caste, or sect. Many Hindus in the Indian subcontinent call themselves Sanatanis, that is, those who follow the 'eternal dharma', to evoke a certain homogeneity in Hinduism. Its use to signify Hinduism as a religion was popularised since the 19th century by champions of Hindu orthodoxy such as Pandit Shraddha Ram in reaction to missionaries and Hindu reformers such as Arya Samaj and Brahmo Samaj. Aside from its use in socio-religious contexts, it also sustains a political necessity for many Hindus.
Shardha Ram Phillauri in the context of Bhagyawati
Bhagyawati is an 1888 novel by Shardha Ram Phillauri. The book is now acknowledged as one of the first novels in Standard Hindi. Previously, Lala Sri Niwas had written his Hindi novel Pariksha guru, which was published in 1882. Bhagyawati is believed to have been written mainly in Amritsar and was first published in 1888.
According to The Tribune (India), the novel was written specifically to "bring an awakening" amongst Indian women. The book's main character was a woman, and it offered a progressive perspective on women's rights and status. At a time when widow remarriage were considered unholy and impure, child marriage was common, neglect of education, the novel advocated widow marriage, condemned child marriage, and affirmed the equality of male and female children. The book was often given to daughters at marriage as a part of the dowry.