Santa Maria in Trastevere (Italian: Basilica di Santa Maria in Trastevere) is a titular church and minor basilica located in Trastevere, Rome. Traditionally considered one of the oldest churches in the city dedicated to the Virgin Mary, it has served as a cardinal titular church since the 3rd century. The present basilica, largely rebuilt under Pope Innocent II in the 12th century, is renowned for its medieval mosaics, Baroque interior, and the Madonna delle Clemenza. Today, it remains a vibrant parish and a traditional site of pilgrimage, especially during Marian feasts such as the Assumption on 15 August.
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👉 Santa Maria in Trastevere in the context of Pietro Cavallini
Pietro Cavallini (c. 1240 – c. 1330) was an Italian artist active during the late Middle Ages. His most famous surviving works include the Last Judgment fresco at Santa Cecilia in Trastevere, the Life of the Virgin Mary mosaic cycle at Santa Maria in Trastevere, and a several frescos in San Domenico Maggiore. Despite his prolific career, much of Cavallini’s oeuvre has been lost and is known today, albiet tentatively, only through fragments, written descriptions, or stylistic attributions.
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Santa Maria in Trastevere in the context of Nursing Madonna
The Nursing Madonna, Virgo Lactans, or Madonna Lactans, is an iconographic type of the Madonna and Child in which the Virgin Mary is shown breastfeeding the Child Jesus. In Italian, it is called the Madonna del Latte ("Madonna of Milk"). It was common in paintings until the change in atmosphere after the Council of Trent, when it was rather discouraged by the Catholic Church, at least in public contexts, on grounds of propriety.
The depiction is mentioned by Pope Gregory the Great, and a mosaic depiction probably of the 12th century is on the façade of Santa Maria in Trastevere in Rome, though few other examples date to before the Late Middle Ages. It survived in Eastern Orthodox icons (as Galaktotrophousa in Greek; Mlekopitatelnitsa in Russian), especially in Russia.