The independence movement in Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the United States, involves all activities seeking the independence of the archipelago and island as a sovereign state.
Since the 19th century, individuals and entities have advocated independence through violent rebellious and peaceful civic engagement actions. Under the rule of the Spanish Empire (1493–1898), the Revolutionary Committee claimed independence in the revolts of Grito de Lares (Cry of Lares) and Intentona de Yauco (Attempted Coup of Yauco). Under the sovereignty of the United States (1898–present), the Nationalist Party (PNPR) called for independence using political violence, while the Independence Party (PIP) and Citizens’ Victory Movement (CVM) continue to peacefully promote independence through elections.
