The pre-Greek substrate (or substratum) consists of the unknown pre-Greek language or languages (either Pre-Indo-European or other Indo-European languages) spoken in prehistoric Greece prior to the emergence of the Proto-Greek language in the region c. 3200–2200 BC, during the Early Helladic period. About 1,000 words of Greek vocabulary cannot be adequately explained as derivatives from Proto-Greek or Proto-Indo-European, leading to the substratum hypothesis. According to scholars, Ancient Greek was likely influenced by two types of substrates: one Indo-European, probably an unknown Anatolian language that has been called "Parnassian", and one or several non-Indo-European languages that pre-date the coming of Greeks to the region.
>>>PUT SHARE BUTTONS HERE<<<
👉 Pre-Greek substrate in the context of List of ancient Greek tribes
The ancient Greek tribes (Ancient Greek: Ἑλλήνων ἔθνη) were groups of Greek-speaking populations living in Greece, Cyprus, and the various Greek colonies. They were primarily divided by geographic, dialectal, political, and cultural criteria, as well as distinct traditions in mythology and religion.
Some groups were of mixed origin, forming a syncretic culture through absorption and assimilation of previous and neighboring populations into the Greek language and customs. Greek word for tribe was Phylē (sing.) and Phylai (pl.), the tribe was further subdivided in Demes (sing. Demos, pl. Demoi) roughly matching to a clan.
In this Dossier
- ⭐ Core Definition: Pre-Greek substrate
- 👉 Pre-Greek substrate in the context of List of ancient Greek tribes
- Pre-Greek substrate in the context of Ichor
- Pre-Greek substrate in the context of Zacynthus (mythology)
- Pre-Greek substrate in the context of Basil (name)
- Pre-Greek substrate in the context of Strigil
Pre-Greek substrate in the context of Ichor
In Greek mythology, ichor (/ˈaɪkər/) is the ethereal fluid making up the blood of the gods and/or immortals. The Ancient Greek word ἰχώρ (ikhṓr) is of uncertain etymology, and has been suggested to be a foreign word, possibly the pre-Greek substrate.
Pre-Greek substrate in the context of Zacynthus (mythology)
In Greek mythology Zacynthus (Ancient Greek: Ζάκυνθος, romanized: Zakynthos) was a Psophidian who became the founder of a colony in the island of Zacynthus, which derived its name from him. The name, like all similar names ending in -nthos, is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin.
Pre-Greek substrate in the context of Basil (name)
The name Basil (royal, kingly) comes from the male Greek name Vassilios (Greek: Βασίλειος, female version Bασιλεία), which first appeared during the Hellenistic period. It is derived from "basileus" (Greek: βασιλεύς), a Greek word of pre-Hellenic origin, meaning "king", from which words such as basilica and basilisk (via Latin) as well as the eponymous herb basil (via Old French) derive, and the name of the Italian region Basilicata, which had been long under the rule of the Byzantine Emperor (also called basileus).
Derived names in different languages include Barsegh in Armenian; Basile in French; Basilius in German; Basilio in Italian and Spanish; Basílio in Portuguese; Basileo in Galician; Vasyl in Ukraine; Vasile in Romanian; Vasil in Bulgarian; Vasilije in Serbian; Vasiliy in Russian; Bazil, Bazsó, Vászoly and Vazul in Hungarian.
Pre-Greek substrate in the context of Strigil
The strigil (Latin: strigilis) or stlengis (Ancient Greek: στλεγγίς, probably a loanword from the Pre-Greek substrate) is a tool for cleansing the body by scraping off dirt and perspiration, as well as oil that was applied before bathing in Ancient Greek and Roman cultures. In these cultures the strigil was primarily used by men, specifically male athletes; however, in Etruscan culture there is evidence of strigils being used by both sexes. The standard design is a curved blade with a handle, all of which is made of metal.
Strigils were commonly used by individuals who were engaging in vigorous activities, in which they accumulated large amounts of dirt and sweat on their bodies. The people who used the strigil included athletes, the wealthy, soldiers, and more. However, wealthy or prestigious individuals often had slaves to wield the strigils and clean their bodies, rather than doing it themselves.