Potidaea (/ˌpɒtɪˈdiːə/; Ancient Greek: Ποτίδαια, Potidaia, also Ποτείδαια, Poteidaia) was a colony founded by the Corinthians around 600 BC in the narrowest point of the peninsula of Pallene, the westernmost of three peninsulas at the southern end of Chalcidice in northern Greece.
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👉 Potidaea in the context of Olynthos
Olynthus (Ancient Greek: Ὄλυνθος Olynthos) is an ancient city in present-day Chalcidice, Greece. It was built mostly on two flat-topped hills 30–40m in height, in a fertile plain at the head of the Gulf of Torone, near the neck of the peninsula of Pallene, about 2.5 kilometers from the sea, and about 60 stadia (c. 9–10 kilometers) from Poteidaea.
Olynthus served as head of the Chalcidian League from its inception just before the Peloponnesian War to the time the city was destroyed in the Social War. The city flourished between 432 BCE and its destruction by Philip II of Macedon in 348 BCE. It was finally abandoned in 316 BCE. Excavations were conducted across four seasons, spanning from 1928 to 1938. Artefacts found during the excavations of the site are exhibited in the Archaeological Museum of Olynthos.In the modern day the city is famous for its well preserved household and urban architecture.
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Potidaea in the context of Kassandreia
Kassandreia (Greek: Κασσάνδρεια, Kassándreia), known as Valta before 1955 (Βάλτα, Válta, meaning "town in the swamps"), is a town and a community in Chalkidiki, northern Greece. It is the seat of the municipality of Kassandra, in the center of the peninsula. Its population was 3,158 at the 2021 census. It was named after the ancient city Cassandrea, which was located near the village. This ancient city, which had originally been called Potidaea, was enlarged by Cassander who became the ruler of Macedonia for a number of years, and named after him. It is probably at this time that the channel that separates this peninsula from the mainland was dredged, to aid naval activities. The ancient name has now been revived for the modern small town that has been built on the site of the ancient Cassandrea, and it is called 'New Potidaea', or in Greek Nea Poteidaia.
Potidaea in the context of Cassandreia
Cassandreia or Cassandrea (Ancient Greek: Κασσάνδρεια, Kassándreia) was once one of the most important cities in Ancient Macedonia, founded by and named after Cassander in 316 BC. It was located on the site of the earlier Ancient Greek city of Potidaea, at the isthmus of the Pallene peninsula. The fact that Cassander named it after himself suggests that he may have intended it to be his capital, and if the canal which cuts the peninsula at this point was dug or at least planned in his time, he may have intended to develop his naval forces using it as a base with a harbour on each of the east and west sides. Cassandreia soon became a great and powerful city, surpassing the other Macedonian towns in wealth. Philip V of Macedon made Cassandreia his main naval base. At the end of the Roman Republic, around 43 BC by order of Brutus a Roman colony was settled by the proconsul Q. Hortensius Hortalus, which in 30 BC was resettled by August with the installation of new settlers and took the official name Colonia Iulia Augusta Cassandrensis. The territory of the colony had included within its boundaries the peninsula of Pallini and the district stretched north of the canal to the foot of the mountain Cholomontas. The colony enjoyed ius Italicum, and is mentioned in Pliny the Elder's encyclopaedia and in inscriptions. It was destroyed by the Huns and Slavs around 540 AD.
The modern settlement of Kassandreia (named Valta before 1955) lies to the south of the ancient site. The ancient site of Cassandreia, near the town Nea Poteidaia, has not been excavated.
Potidaea in the context of Nea Poteidaia
Nea Poteidaia (Greek: Νέα Ποτείδαια, also Νέα Ποτίδαια) is a town in the municipality of Nea Propontida in Chalkidiki, Greece. The location is the only land access to the Kassandra Peninsula. Built on the site of the ancient city of Potidaea, 33 kilometers south-west of Polygyros, it was re-founded in 1922 by Greek refugees from Platanos in Eastern Thrace and Kalolimnos (now called Imrali) which remained under Turkish rule. Today it has a population of 1,543 (2011).