The Population Reference Bureau (PRB) is a private, nonprofit organization specializing in collecting and supplying statistics necessary for research and/or academic purposes focused on the environment, and health and structure of populations. The PRB works in the United States and internationally with a wide range of partners in the government, nonprofit, research, business, and philanthropy sectors.
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👉 Population Reference Bureau in the context of Estimates of historical world population
This article lists current estimates of the world population in history. In summary, estimates for the progression of world population since the Late Middle Ages are in the following ranges:
Estimates for pre-modern times are necessarily fraught with great uncertainties, and few of the published estimates have confidence intervals; in the absence of a straightforward means to assess the error of such estimates, a rough idea of expert consensus can be gained by comparing the values given in independent publications. Population estimates cannot be considered accurate to more than two decimal digits; for example, the world population for the year 2012 was estimated at 7.02, 7.06, and 7.08 billion by the United States Census Bureau, the Population Reference Bureau, and the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, respectively, corresponding to a spread of estimates of the order of 0.8%.
In this Dossier
- ⭐ Core Definition: Population Reference Bureau
- 👉 Population Reference Bureau in the context of Estimates of historical world population
- Population Reference Bureau in the context of List of countries by net migration rate
- Population Reference Bureau in the context of Fertility rates
- Population Reference Bureau in the context of Human population planning
Population Reference Bureau in the context of List of countries by net migration rate
This is a list of countries and territories by net migration rate, the difference between the number of people entering and leaving a country during the year, per 1,000 people (based on mid-year population).
Population Reference Bureau in the context of Fertility rates
The total fertility rate (TFR) of a population is the average number of children that are born to a woman over her lifetime, if they were to experience the exact current age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) through their lifetime, and they were to live from birth until the end of their reproductive life.
As of 2023, the total fertility rate varied widely across the world, from 0.7 in South Korea, to 6.1 in Niger. Among sovereign countries that were not city states or microstates, in 2024 the following countries had a TFR of 1.0 or lower: South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Ukraine; the following countries had a TFR of 1.2 or lower: Argentina, Belarus, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Estonia, Italy, Japan, Lithuania, Poland, Spain, and Uruguay.
Population Reference Bureau in the context of Human population planning
Human population planning is the practice of managing the growth rate of a human population. The practice, traditionally referred to as population control, had historically been implemented mainly with the goal of increasing population growth, though from the 1950s to the 1980s, concerns about overpopulation and its effects on poverty, the environment and political stability led to efforts to reduce population growth rates in many countries. More recently, however, several countries such as China, Japan, South Korea, Russia, Iran, Italy, Spain, Finland, Hungary and Estonia have begun efforts to boost birth rates once again, generally as a response to looming demographic crises.
While population planning can involve measures that improve people's lives by giving them greater control of their reproduction, a few programs, such as the Chinese government's "one-child policy and two-child policy", have employed coercive measures.