In chemistry, a phosphide is a compound containing the P ion or its equivalent. Many different phosphides are known, with widely differing structures. Most commonly encountered on the binary phosphides, i.e. those materials consisting only of phosphorus and a less electronegative element. Numerous are polyphosphides, which are solids consisting of anionic chains or clusters of phosphorus. Phosphides are known with the majority of less electronegative elements with the exception of Hg, Pb, Sb, Bi, Te, and Po. Finally, some phosphides are molecular.
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👉 Phosphide in the context of Native element minerals
Native element minerals are those elements that occur in nature in uncombined form with a distinct mineral structure. The elemental class includes metals, intermetallic compounds, alloys, metalloids, and nonmetals. The Nickel–Strunz classification system also includes the naturally occurring phosphides, silicides, nitrides, carbides, and arsenides.
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Phosphide in the context of Butterfly cluster compound
In the area of metal cluster chemistry, a butterfly cluster compound usually describes tetrametallic clusters containing five M-M bonds. A prototype of this motif is [Re4(CO)16]. Most butterfly clusters have additional bridging ligands. One example is the pentaphosphide [[Rh4(CO)5(PPh2)5]] where all Rh---Rh edges are bridged by PPh2. A carbide-containing butterfly cluster is [Fe4C(CO)12] where the carbide is bonded to all four Fe centers.
Bonding in such clusters is often discussed in the context of polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory. This theory predicts that tetrametallic clusters with 60 valence electrons will adopt tetrahedral geometry with six M-M bonds. Tetrahedral clusters is classified as nido clusters. By addition of 2e, the 60e cluster opens one edge, as manifested in the butterfly motif.
Phosphide in the context of Arsenide
In chemistry, an arsenide is a compound of arsenic with a less electronegative element or elements. Many metals form binary compounds containing arsenic, and these are called arsenides. They exist with many stoichiometries, and in this respect arsenides are similar to phosphides.