Persian Expedition of 1796 in the context of "Russo-Persian War (1804–1813)"

⭐ In the context of the Russo-Persian War (1804–1813), the Persian Expedition of 1796 is considered a key precursor because it resulted in…

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⭐ Core Definition: Persian Expedition of 1796

The Persian expedition of Catherine the Great of 1796, like the Persian expedition of Peter the Great (1722–1723), was one of the Russo-Persian Wars of the 18th century which did not entail any lasting consequences for either belligerent.

The last decades of the 18th century were marked by continual strife between rival claimants to the Peacock Throne. Empress Catherine the Great of Russia (r. 1762–1796) took advantage of the disorder to consolidate her control over the weak polities of the Caucasus, which was, for swaths of it, an integral Persian domain. The kingdom of Georgia, a subject of the Persians for many centuries, became a Russian protectorate in 1783, when King Erekle II signed the Treaty of Georgievsk, whereby the Empress promised to defend him in the case of Iranian attack. The shamkhals of Tarki followed this lead and accepted Russian protection three years later.

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πŸ‘‰ Persian Expedition of 1796 in the context of Russo-Persian War (1804–1813)

The Russo-Persian War of 1804–1813 was one of the many wars between the Persian Empire and Imperial Russia, and, like many of their other conflicts, began as a territorial dispute. The new Persian king, Fath Ali Shah Qajar, wanted to consolidate the northernmost reaches of his kingdomβ€”modern-day Georgiaβ€”which had been annexed by Tsar Paul I several years after the Russo-Persian War of 1796. Like his Persian counterpart, the Tsar Alexander I was also new to the throne and equally determined to control the disputed territories.

The war ended in 1813 with the Treaty of Gulistan which ceded the previously disputed territory of Georgia to Imperial Russia, and also the undisputed Iranian territories of Dagestan, most of what is modern Azerbaijan, and minor parts of Armenia.

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Persian Expedition of 1796 in the context of Battle of Krtsanisi

The Battle of Krtsanisi (Georgian: αƒ™αƒ αƒ¬αƒαƒœαƒ˜αƒ‘αƒ˜αƒ‘ αƒ‘αƒ αƒ«αƒαƒšαƒ, romanized: k'rts'anisis brdzola, Persian: Ω†Ψ¨Ψ±Ψ― Ϊ©Ψ±ΨͺΨ³Ψ§Ω†ΫŒΨ³ΫŒ) was fought between the army of Qajar Iran (Persia) and the Georgian armies of the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti and Kingdom of Imereti at the place of Krtsanisi near Tbilisi, Georgia, from September 8 to September 11, 1795, as part of Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar's war in response to King Heraclius II of Georgia’s alliance with the Russian Empire. The battle resulted in the decisive defeat of the Georgians, capture, and complete destruction of their capital Tbilisi, as well as the temporary absorption of eastern Georgia into the Iranian empire.

Although the Russian Empire had officially declared in the Treaty of Georgievsk of 1783 that it would protect Heraclius's kingdom against any Iranian attempts to re-subjugate Georgia, Russia did not intervene to protect its ally. Subsequently, in order to restore Russian prestige, Catherine the Great launched a punitive campaign against Iran in 1796, but it was soon recalled after Catherine's death the same year. The reestablishment of Iranian rule over Georgia did not last long, for the shah was assassinated in 1797 in Shusha, and the Georgian king died the year after. With Georgia laying in ruins and the central authorities in Iran occupied with the question of succession, the way was opened for Georgia's annexation by Russia several years later by Tsar Paul.

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LINKED FROM (PARENTS)
← Russo-Persian War (1804–1813) ← Battle of Krtsanisi
LINKS TO (CHILDREN)
Russo-Persian War (1722–1723) → Russo-Persian Wars → Peacock Throne → Catherine the Great → Russian Empire → Caucasus → Georgia (country) → Heraclius II of Georgia → Treaty of Georgievsk → Shamkhal (title) → Shamkhalate of Tarki →