A paraphrase (/ˈpærəˌfreɪz/) or rephrase is the rendering of a text through the use of different words without altering the text's original meaning. Most of the time, a paraphrased text can convey its meaning more effectively than the original words. In other words, paraphrasing uses different vocabulary than the original text but maintains the same concept. For example, when someone tells a story they have heard, in their own words, they paraphrase it, with the meaning being the same. The phrase itself is derived via Latin paraphrasis, from Ancient Greek παράφρασις (paráphrasis) 'additional manner of expression'. The action of paraphrasing is also called paraphrasis.
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👉 Paraphrase in the context of Metaphrase
Metaphrase is a term referring to literal translation, i.e., "word by word and line by line" translation. In everyday usage, metaphrase means literalism; however, metaphrase is also the translation of poetry into prose. Unlike "paraphrase," which has an ordinary use in literature theory, the term "metaphrase" is only used in translation theory.
Metaphrase is one of the three ways of transferring, along with paraphrase and imitation, according to John Dryden. Dryden considers paraphrase preferable to metaphrase (as literal translation) and imitation.
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Paraphrase in the context of Literal translation
Literal translation, direct translation, or word-for-word translation, or word-by-word translation, or word-to-word translation is the translation of a text done by translating each word separately without analysing how the words are used together in a phrase or sentence.
In translation theory, another term for literal translation is metaphrase (as opposed to paraphrase for an analogous translation). It is to be distinguished from an interpretation (done, for example, by an interpreter).