The kende (or kĂźndĂź) was one of the kings of the dual-monarchy of the early Hungarians along with the gyula or war-chief. The function of the kende is believed to have been a religious one ("sacral prince"). At the time of the Magyar migration to Pannonia, the kende was named KurszĂĄn. Upon KurszĂĄn's death in a raid in approximately 904 CE, the office was taken up by the gyula ĂrpĂĄd, creating a single-head monarchy for Hungary. Though there are some scholars (for example Gyula KristĂł) who believe that ĂrpĂĄd was the kende, who later took up the functions of the gyula.
Some scholars have speculated that the early Magyar dual kingship derived from their time as vassals of the Khazars. Indeed, the Khazars were described by Ahmad ibn Fadlan as having an officer titled KĂźndĂźr which may have been either identical to, a model for, or the forerunner of the office of kende.