pH partition theory is a theory developed in the early 20th century as an attempt to explain drug bioavailability in humans. It describes the tendency for weak acids to accumulate in basic fluid compartments, and weak bases to accumulate in acidic compartments. The negative charge of deprotonated acids in basic solutions and, conversely, the positive charge state of weak bases in acidic solutions is used to explain this phenomenon as electric charge decreases membrane permeability. pH partition theory is somewhat useful in explaining the accumulation of weak acids and bases; however, many other factors influence molecular transport in living systems, so it is not a general rule.
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👉 PH partition in the context of Distribution (pharmacology)
Distribution in pharmacology is a branch of pharmacokinetics which describes the reversible transfer of a drug from one location to another within the body.
Once a drug enters into systemic circulation by absorption or direct administration, it must be distributed into interstitial and intracellular fluids. Each organ or tissue can receive different doses of the drug and the drug can remain in the different organs or tissues for a varying amount of time. The distribution of a drug between tissues is dependent on vascular permeability, regional blood flow, cardiac output and perfusion rate of the tissue and the ability of the drug to bind tissue and plasma proteins and its lipid solubility. pH partition plays a major role as well. The drug is easily distributed in highly perfused organs such as the liver, heart and kidney. It is distributed in small quantities through less perfused tissues like muscle, fat and peripheral organs. The drug can be moved from the plasma to the tissue until the equilibrium is established (for unbound drug present in plasma).