The Most Honourable Order of the Crown of Johor (Malay: Darjah Mahkota Johor Yang Amat Mulia) is an Order of chivalry awarded by the Sultan of Johor. It was first instituted on July 31, 1886.
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👉 Order of the Crown of Johor in the context of Goh Chok Tong
Goh Chok Tong AC SPMJ (born 20 May 1941) is a Singaporean retired politician who served as the second prime minister of Singapore from 1990 to 2004 and as a senior minister of Singapore from 2004 to 2011. He served as the secretary-general of the People's Action Party (PAP) from 1992 to 2004 and was the member of Parliament (MP) for Marine Parade Single Member Constituency from 1976 to 1988, and Marine Parade Group Representation Constituency from 1988 to 2020.
Prior to his appointment as prime minister, he was the country's deputy prime minister, where he advocated for the Medisave, a savings scheme that allows Singaporeans to set aside part of their income into a Medisave account to meet future medical expenses. Goh also advocated for the Edusave Awards, a monetary reward for students who did well in school based on either their academic achievements or character to enshrine meritocracy.
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Order of the Crown of Johor in the context of Lee Kuan Yew
Lee Kuan Yew GCMG CH SPMJ DK (born Harry Lee Kuan Yew; 16 September 1923 – 23 March 2015), often referred to by his initials LKY, was a Singaporean statesman and barrister who was the first prime minister of Singapore from 1959 to 1990. A founding father of the modern Singaporean state, his political leadership transformed post-independence Singapore into a highly developed country and one of the four Asian Tigers.
Born in Singapore during British colonial rule to a family of Chinese descent, Lee studied law in England at Cambridge University and was called to the bar at the Middle Temple in 1950. Shortly after, he returned to Singapore and practised law, founding the law firm Lee & Lee. In 1954, Lee co-founded the People's Action Party (PAP), which won significant support among the working class and trade unions in the lead up to the 1955 general election, securing him a seat in the Tanjong Pagar division and making him the de facto leader of the opposition. In 1959, Lee led the PAP to its first electoral victory, becoming Singapore's first prime minister. Seeking sovereignty from the British Empire, Lee led Singapore to a merger with Malaya along with Sarawak and Sabah, forming Malaysia in 1963. Racial strife and ideological differences later led to Singapore's expulsion from Malaysia and consequent independence in 1965.
Order of the Crown of Johor in the context of Lee Hsien Loong
Lee Hsien Loong PPA(E) SPMJ DK AC (born 10 February 1952), also known by his initials LHL, is a Singaporean politician and former military officer who has served as the Senior Minister of Singapore since 2024, having previously served as the third Prime Minister between 2004 and 2024. He also served as the secretary-general of the governing People's Action Party (PAP) between 2004 and 2024. As a Member of Parliament (MP), he has represented the Teck Ghee division of Ang Mo Kio Group Representation Constituency (GRC) since 1991, having previously represented Teck Ghee Single Member Constituency (SMC) between 1984 and 1991.
Born and raised in Singapore during British colonial rule, Lee is the eldest son of Singapore's first prime minister, Lee Kuan Yew. He graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1974 with first class honours in mathematics and a Diploma in Computer Science with distinction (equivalent to a first-class master's in computer science). He served in the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) between 1971 and 1984, and attained the rank of Brigadier-General, completing a Master of Public Administration degree at Harvard Kennedy School in 1980. Lee discharged from the SAF in 1984 to enter politics.
Order of the Crown of Johor in the context of Edmund W. Barker
Edmund William Barker DUNU SPMJ (1 December 1920 – 12 April 2001), often known as E. W. Barker or Eddie Barker, was a Singaporean statesman and lawyer best known for authoring the Proclamation of Singapore. He is widely recognised as one of the founding fathers of Singapore, having played a crucial role in the country's constitutional development and legal framework during its early years of independence.
Barker was an early member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), which has ruled Singapore continuously since independence. Over his political career, he held several senior posts in the Cabinet from 1964 to 1988. Most notably, he served as Minister of Law throughout this entire period, overseeing vital legal reforms that underpinned Singapore's rapid development. He also held the positions of Minister for National Development from 1965 to 1975, Minister of Home Affairs briefly in 1972, Minister for the Environment between 1975 and 1979 and Minister for Science and Technology from 1977 to 1981.