The Sikh Confederacy was a confederation of twelve sovereign Sikh states (each known as a Misl, derived from the Arabic word مِثْل meaning 'equal'; sometimes spelt as Misal) which rose during the 18th century in the Punjab region in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent.
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👉 Misl in the context of Ranjit Singh
Ranjit Singh (Punjabi: ਰਣਜੀਤ ਸਿੰਘ; Persian: رنجیت سنگھ; c. 13 November 1780 – 27 June 1839), born as Buddh Singh (Punjabi: ਬੁੱਧ ਸਿੰਘ), was the founder and first maharaja of the Sikh Empire, ruling from 1801 until his death in 1839.
Born to Maha Singh, the leader of the Sukerchakia Misl, Singh survived smallpox in infancy but lost sight in his left eye. At the age of ten years old, he fought his first battle alongside his father. After his father died around Ranjit Singh's early teenage years, he became leader of the Misl. Ranjit was the most prominent of the Sikh leaders who opposed Zaman Shah, the ruler of Durrani Empire, during his third invasion. After Zaman Shah's retreat in 1799, he captured Lahore from the Sikh triumvirate which had been ruling the city since 1765. At the age of 21, he was formally crowned at Lahore.
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Misl in the context of Sikh period in Lahore
The Sikh period in Lahore initiated from the conquest and rule of the Sikh Misls and extended till the Sikh Empire of Ranjit Singh (also known as Punjab, the Sikh Raj, Sarkar Khālsā Rāj, and Sarkar Khalsaji) which ended in 1849. The Sikhs began gaining power following the decline of the Mughal Empire in Punjab and consisted of a collection of autonomous Punjabi Misls, which were governed by Misldars, mainly in the Punjab region.