Minhag in the context of "Chumra (Judaism)"

In Abrahamic religions, the Sabbath (/ˈsæbəθ/) or Shabbat (Biblical Hebrew: שַׁבָּת [ʃa'bat]) is a day set aside for rest and worship. According to the Book of Exodus, the Sabbath is a day of rest on the seventh day commanded by Yahweh to be kept as a holy day of rest as God rested in the Genesis creation narrative. Shabbat observance is commanded in the Ten Commandments: "Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy". The Sabbath might have been influenced by Babylonian mid-month rest days and lunar cycles, though its origins remain debated.

A day of rest is observed in Islam (Friday), Judaism (Saturday), and Christianity (Sunday). Observances similar to or descended from the Sabbath also exist in other religions. The term may be generally used to describe similar weekly observances in other religions.

The Passover Seder is a ritual feast at the beginning of the Jewish holiday of Passover. It is conducted throughout the world at the start of the 15th day of Nisan in the Hebrew calendar (at sunset, when a Hebrew day begins). The day falls in late March or in April of the Gregorian calendar. Passover lasts for seven days in Israel, and customarily usually eight days in the Jewish diaspora. A seder is held on the first night, the 15th of Nisan; where eight days are observed, a seder is often also held on the second night.

The Seder is a ritual involving a retelling of the story of the liberation of the Israelites from slavery in ancient Egypt, taken from the Book of Exodus (Shemot) in the Torah. The Seder itself is based on the Biblical verse commanding Jews to retell the story of the Exodus from Egypt: "You shall tell your child on that day, saying, 'It is because of what the LORD did for me when I came out of Egypt.'" (Exodus 13:8) At the seder, Jews read the text of the Haggadah, an ancient Tannaitic work narrating the Israelite exodus from Egypt, with special blessings and rituals, Talmudic commentaries, and Passover songs.

Women in Judaism have affected the course of Judaism over millennia. Their role is reflected in the Hebrew Bible, the Oral Law (the corpus of rabbinic literature), by custom, and by cultural factors. Although the Hebrew Bible and rabbinic literature present various female role models, religious law treats women in specific ways. According to a 2017 study by the Pew Research Center, women account for 52% of the worldwide Jewish population.

Gender has a bearing on familial lines: in traditional Rabbinic Judaism, Jewish affiliation is passed down through the mother, although the father's name is used to describe sons and daughters in the Torah and in traditional Hebrew names, e. g., "Dinah, daughter of Jacob".

Tachanun (Hebrew: תַחֲנוּן, romanized: Taḥănûn, lit. 'supplication'), also referred to as nefilat apayim (נְפִילַת אַפַּיִם, 'falling [on the] faces'), is a supplicatory and confessional component of Shacharit (שַחֲרִית, 'dawn') and Mincha (מִנְחָה, 'offering'), the morning and afternoon prayer services of Judaism, respectively. The recitation of Tachanun follows the Amidah, the central part of the daily Jewish prayer services. It is also recited at the end of the Selichot service. It is omitted on Shabbat, Jewish holidays, and many other celebratory occasions (e.g., in the presence of a groom in the week following his marriage). Most traditions recite a longer prayer on Mondays and Thursdays.