A medication overuse headache (MOH), also known as a rebound headache, usually occurs when painkillers are taken frequently to relieve headaches. These cases are often referred to as painkiller headaches. Rebound headaches frequently occur daily, can be very painful and are a common cause of chronic daily headache (CDH). They typically occur in patients with an underlying headache disorder such as migraine or tension-type headache that "transforms" over time from an episodic condition to chronic daily headache due to excessive intake of acute headache relief medications.MOH is a serious, disabling and well-characterized disorder, which represents a worldwide problem and is now considered the third-most prevalent type of headache. The proportion of patients in the population with CDH who overuse acute medications ranges from 18% to 33%. The prevalence of MOH varies depending on the population studied and diagnostic criteria used. However, it is estimated that MOH affects approximately 1-2% of the general population, but its relative frequency is much higher in secondary and tertiary care.
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👉 Medication overuse headache in the context of Migraine
Migraine (UK: /ˈmiːɡreɪn/, US: /ˈmaɪ-/) is a complex neurological disorder characterized by episodes of moderate-to-severe headache, most often unilateral and generally associated with nausea, light sensitivity and sound sensitivity. Other symptoms may include vomiting, unusual pain, dizziness, and cognitive dysfunction. Some people with migraine experience aura, a period of sensory disturbance at the onset of a migraine attack.
Although primarily considered to be a headache disorder, migraine is highly varied in its clinical presentation and is better thought of as a spectrum disease rather than a distinct clinical entity. Disease burden can range from episodic discrete attacks to chronic disease. Incidence of migraines may increase over time, evolving from episodic migraine to chronic migraine. Overuse of acute pain medications may hasten this process and is a risk factor for developing medication overuse headache.