May 68 in the context of "Volpi Cup for Best Actress"

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⭐ Core Definition: May 68

May 68 (French: Mai 68) was a period of widespread protests, strikes, and civil unrest in France that began in May 1968 and became one of the most significant social uprisings in modern European history. Sparked by student demonstrations against university conditions and government repression, the movement quickly escalated into a nationwide general strike involving millions of workers, bringing the country to the brink of revolution. The events have profoundly shaped French politics, labor relations, and cultural life, leaving a lasting legacy of radical thought and activism.

After World War II, France underwent rapid modernization, economic growth, and urbanization, leading to increased social tensions. (The period from 1945 to 1975 is known as the Trente Glorieuses, the "Thirty Glorious Years", but it was also a time of exacerbated inequalities and alienation, particularly among students and young workers.) By the late 1960s, France's university system was struggling to accommodate a growing student population, and the rigid structure of academia frustrated students amid a broader discontent with conservative social norms. Inspired by countercultural, anti-imperialist, Marxist, and anarchist ideologies, students increasingly viewed themselves as part of a revolutionary struggle against capitalism and authoritarianism. At the same time, the French working class was dissatisfied with stagnant wages and poor working conditions, despite growth. The political order, dominated by President Charles de Gaulle's Fifth Republic, was seen by many as outdated and repressive.

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👉 May 68 in the context of Volpi Cup for Best Actress

The Volpi Cup for Best Actress is an award presented by the Venice Film Festival. It is given by the festival jury in honor of an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance from the films in the competition slate. It is named in honor of Count Giuseppe Volpi di Misurata, the founder of the festival. The first ceremony was held in 1932, when Helen Hayes received the Volpi Cup for the title role in The Sin of Madelon Claudet (1931)—this was the only time that the award was chosen by public voting. From 1942 to 1945, the festival was suspended because of World War II. The student protests in May 1968 opened a period of institutional changes, with no prizes were awarded from 1969 to 1979.

The official name of the award has changed several times. In 1934, Katharine Hepburn was honored with the Great Gold Medal of the National Fascist Association for Entertainment for the Best Actress for her role in Little Women. It was renamed the Volpi Cup for Best Actress the following year. The awards given from 1947 to 1949 were named the International Award for the Best Actress.

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May 68 in the context of Capitalism and Schizophrenia

Capitalism and Schizophrenia (French: Capitalisme et Schizophrénie) is a serial composed of two volumes, Anti-Oedipus (1972, translated in 1977) and A Thousand Plateaus (1980, translated in 1987). It was written by the French authors Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, respectively a philosopher and a psychoanalyst, during the May 1968, a period of civil unrest in France.

Deleuze's translator Brian Massumi observes that the books differ drastically in tone, content, and composition.

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May 68 in the context of Alain Touraine

Alain Touraine (French: [alɛ̃ tuʁɛn]; 3 August 1925 – 9 June 2023) was a French sociologist. He was research director at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, where he founded the Centre d'étude des mouvements sociaux. Touraine was an important figure in the founding of French sociology of work after World War II and later became a sociologist of social movements, particularly the May 68 student movement in France and the Solidarity trade-union movement in communist Poland.

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May 68 in the context of Prix de Rome

The Prix de Rome (pronounced [pʁi ʁɔm]) or Grand Prix de Rome was a French scholarship for arts students, initially for painters and sculptors, that was established in 1663 during the reign of Louis XIV of France. Winners were awarded a bursary that allowed them to stay in Rome for three to five years at the expense of the state. The prize was extended to architecture in 1720, music in 1803 and engraving in 1804. The prestigious award was abolished in 1968 by André Malraux, then Minister of Culture, following the May 68 riots that called for cultural change.

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May 68 in the context of Chancellerie des Universités de Paris

The Chancellerie des Universités de Paris (French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃sɛlʁi dez‿ynivɛʁsite paʁi], "Chancellery of the Universities of Paris") is the public institution under the French Ministry of Higher Education that inherited the administration of the assets of the University of Paris, which was split into thirteen autonomous universities in 1971. It administers the Sorbonne, the Villa Finaly in Italy, the Château de Ferrières (until 2012), the Domaine de Richelieu in Indre-et-Loire, the Jacques Doucet Library and other assets bequeathed to the former University of Paris. The chancellery also represents the eleven universities that own the Cité internationale universitaire de Paris. The Sorbonne building and The Sorbonne brand name are owned by the chancellery. It also manages the official store of the Sorbonne and the universities of Paris.

The chancellery was created in 1971 after the Faure law of 1968, which dismembered the University of Paris, at the same time as the university chancelleries in the other academies. Since 2021, it has been the only remaining chancellery in France, the others having been dissolved.

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May 68 in the context of André Gorz

Gérard Horst (French: [ʒeʁaʁ ɔʁst];  Gerhart Hirsch, Austrian German: [ˈɡeːɐ̯hart hɪrʃ]; 9 February 1923 – 22 September 2007), more commonly known by his pen names André Gorz (French: [ɑ̃dʁe ɡɔʁts]) and Michel Bosquet (French: [miʃɛl bɔskɛ]), was an Austrian-French social philosopher and journalist and critic of work. He co-founded Le Nouvel Observateur weekly in 1964. A supporter of Jean-Paul Sartre's existentialist version of Marxism after the World War II, he became in the aftermath of the May 68 student riots more concerned with political ecology.

In the 1960s and 1970s, he was a main theorist in the New Left movement and coined the concept of non-reformist reform. His central theme was wage labour issues such as liberation from work, the just distribution of work, social alienation, and a guaranteed basic income.

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May 68 in the context of The Dreamers (2003 film)

The Dreamers (French: Innocents: The Dreamers) is a 2003 erotic romantic drama film directed by Bernardo Bertolucci from a screenplay by Gilbert Adair, based on Adair's 1988 novel The Holy Innocents. An international co-production by companies from France, Italy and the United Kingdom, the film tells the story of an American university student in Paris who, after meeting a peculiar brother and sister who are fellow film enthusiasts, becomes entangled in an erotic triangle. It is set against the backdrop of the 1968 Paris student riots. The film makes several references to various movies of classical and French New Wave cinema, incorporating clips from films that are often imitated by the actors in particular scenes.

There are two versions: an uncut NC-17-rated version, and an R-rated version that is about three minutes shorter. It was the first credited film appearance of Eva Green, and is considered her breakthrough role.

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May 68 in the context of Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne University

Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne University (French: Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne), also known as Paris 1 (or Paris I) and Panthéon-Sorbonne University (or, together with Sorbonne University and Sorbonne Nouvelle University, simply as the Sorbonne), is a public research university in Paris, France.

It was created in 1971 from two faculties of the historic University of Paris – colloquially referred to as the Sorbonne – after the May 1968 protests, which resulted in the division of one of the world's oldest universities. Most of the economics professors (35 out of 41) of the Faculty of Law and Economics of Paris decided to found the multidisciplinary Paris 1 University with professors of the faculty of humanities of Paris and a few professors of law.

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May 68 in the context of Paris-Panthéon-Assas University

The Paris-Panthéon-Assas University, abbreviated as Assas University (French: Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas) and commonly known as Assas or Paris 2, is a public research university in Paris, France.

It is considered the direct successor of the Faculty of Law of Paris, the second-oldest faculty of Law in the world, founded in the 12th century. Following the 1970 split of the University of Paris, often referred to as the 'Sorbonne', in the aftermath of the May 68 events, law professors faced decisions regarding the future of their faculty. Out of 108 law professors, 88 elected to sustain the legacy of the Faculty of Law of Paris by establishing a new university dedicated to the study of law. The university is housed within the same two buildings that previously accommodated the Faculty of Law of Paris.

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