Matthew 4 is the fourth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament of Christian Bible. Many translations of the gospel and biblical commentaries separate the first section of chapter 4 (verses 1–11, Matthew's account of the Temptation of Christ by the devil) from the remaining sections, which deal with Jesus' first public preaching and the gathering of his first disciples.
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👉 Matthew 4 in the context of Language of Jesus
There exists a consensus among scholars that Jesus spoke Aramaic. Aramaic was the common language of Roman Judaea, and was thus also spoken by at least some of Jesus' disciples.
The villages of Nazareth and Capernaum in Galilee, where the Gospels record him as having been raised, were populated by Aramaic-speaking communities. Jesus probably spoke the Galilean dialect, distinguishable from that which was spoken in Roman-era Jerusalem. Galilee was known for its trade routes and for its interface with the wider spectrum of Hellenism; Matthew 4:15 references "Galilee of the Gentiles". As such, the Gospels understand Jesus' youth in Nazareth to be in a highly cosmopolitan area in which Greek was used frequently, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the meeting of several major trade routes in Sepphoris. It is thus likely that Jesus was able to work in Koine Greek.
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Matthew 4 in the context of First disciples of Jesus
The calling of the disciples is a key episode in the life of Jesus in the New Testament. It appears in Matthew 4:18–22, Mark 1:16-20 and Luke 5:1–11 on the Sea of Galilee. John 1:35–51 reports the first encounter with two of the disciples a little earlier in the presence of John the Baptist. Particularly in the Gospel of Mark, the beginning of the Ministry of Jesus and the call of the first disciples are inseparable.