Dorotea Gonzaga (6 December 1449 – 20 April 1467) was an Italian noblewoman and Princess of Mantua. She was the daughter of Ludovico III Gonzaga, Marquess of Mantua and Barbara of Brandenburg.
In 1466, Dorotea was about to marry Galeazzo Maria Sforza, but the engagement was called off and she died in 1467. Her former fiancé married Bona of Savoy.