The shatkarmas (Sanskrit: ą¤·ą¤ą¤ą¤°ą„म į¹£aį¹karma, literally six actions), also known as shatkriyas, are a set of Hatha yoga purifications of the body, to prepare for the main work of yoga towards moksha (liberation). These practices, outlined by Svatmarama in the Haį¹ha Yoga PradÄ«pikÄ as kriya, are NetÄ«, DhautÄ«, NaulÄ«, Basti, KapÄlabhÄtÄ«, and TrÄį¹aka.The Haį¹ha Ratnavali mentions two additional purifications, Cakri and Gajakarani, criticising the Hatha Yoga Pradipika for only describing the other six.