Justin Trudeau in the context of "2013 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election"

The Agreement between the United States of America, the United Mexican States, and Canada (USMCA) is a free trade agreement among the United States, Mexico, and Canada, in effect from July 1, 2020. It replaced the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) implemented in 1994. Further, it is sometimes characterized as "NAFTA 2.0", or "New NAFTA", since it largely maintains or updates the provisions of its predecessor. The region including Canada, Mexico, and the United States is one of the world's largest free trade zones, with a population of more than 510 million people and an economy of $30.997  trillion in nominal GDP – nearly 30 percent of the global economy, and the largest of any trade bloc in the world.

All sides came to a formal agreement on 1 October 2018, and U.S. president Donald Trump proposed USMCA during the G20 Summit the following month, where he signed it, Mexican president Enrique Peña Nieto, and Canadian prime minister Justin Trudeau. A revised version reflecting additional consultations was signed on December 10, 2019. It was ratified by all three countries, with Canada being the last to ratify on March 13, 2020. Following notification by all three governments that the provisions were ready for domestic implementation, the agreement came into effect on 1 July 2020.

The Office of the Prime Minister and Privy Council (French: Bureau du Premier ministre et du Conseil privé) building, formerly known as the Langevin Block (French: Édifice Langevin, IPA: [lɑ̃ʒvɛ̃]), is an office building facing Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. As the home of the Privy Council Office and Office of the Prime Minister, it is the working headquarters of the executive branch of the Canadian government.

The term Langevin Block was previously used as a metonym for the Prime Minister's Office and the Privy Council Office. The building was named after Father of Confederation and cabinet minister Hector-Louis Langevin. Recognizing Langevin's role in establishing the residential school system, associated with the abuse of Indigenous children and attempts to forcibly assimilate them, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced the renaming of the building on June 21, 2017.

The Thirtieth Canadian Ministry or the Carney Ministry is the ministry currently in office led by Prime Minister Mark Carney. It was formed on March 14, 2025 following the resignation of former Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and Carney's victory in the Liberal leadership contest over former Deputy Prime Minister Chrystia Freeland. Initially, Carney reduced the size of the Cabinet from 37 ministers under Trudeau, to 24 ministers including himself. Following the 2025 federal election that returned the Liberals as a minority government, Carney revamped his Cabinet on May 13 with 29 ministers including himself, and appointed a further 10 secretaries of state, reviving a non-Cabinet ministerial rank used throughout the Chrétien Ministry and briefly during the Harper Ministry.

The 29th Canadian Ministry of Justin Trudeau had started a tradition of gender parity with an equal number of male and female ministers excluding the prime minister. The brief first Carney Cabinet from March to May 2025 had slightly more male than female ministers, but an equal number of male and female ministers excluding the prime minister was reinstituted in the post-election Cabinet in May.

The leader of the Liberal Party of Canada (French: chef du parti libéral) is the highest political office of the Liberal Party of Canada. The holder of the office is the formal political head of the party as a political organization and its parliamentary caucus in Canada's House of Commons, with specific authority to "speak for the party concerning any political issue".

The current leader is Mark Carney, the current Prime Minister of Canada. He is the 14th permanent leader. He succeeded former Prime Minister Justin Trudeau as party leader on March 9, 2025, following his victory in the party's leadership election, and succeeded Trudeau as Prime Minister five days later. Given that the Liberal Party has been one of the two principal contenders for power for most of Canada's history, most of the past holders of this office had served as prime minister.

A political crisis emerged in Canada after Chrystia Freeland, the then-minister of finance and deputy prime minister, resigned from Cabinet on 16 December 2024. The events "sent shockwaves" through Canadian politics, leading to calls for Prime Minister Justin Trudeau to resign. On 6 January 2025, amid a mounting caucus revolt, Trudeau announced his resignation as leader of the Liberal Party and as the prime minister, pending the selection of his successor.

Freeland had been one of the most powerful and prominent figures in the Trudeau ministry and was considered among the prime minister's most loyal allies. Leading up to her resignation, their relationship had become increasingly strained over policy disagreements. On 13 December, Trudeau told Freeland that he no longer wished to see her continue as Finance minister, but asked her to stay in Cabinet. Freeland mulled the offer over the subsequent days, but ultimately opted to resign. She published the resignation letter, which was heavily critical of Trudeau.

Papineau (French pronunciation: [papino]; formerly Papineau—Saint-Denis and Papineau—Saint-Michel) is a federal electoral district (riding) in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons since 1948. Its population in 2016 was 110,750. Justin Trudeau, the former Prime Minister of Canada and former leader of the Liberal Party, represented the riding from the 2008 federal election until he resigned in 2025. Trudeau became Liberal leader in a 2013 leadership election, succeeding Bob Rae, and prime minister when the Liberals returned to government in the 2015 Canadian federal election, succeeding Conservative leader Stephen Harper.

The name of the riding comes from a street in the Villeray neighbourhood, named after Joseph Papineau.

The 2015 Canadian federal election was held on October 19, 2015, to elect the 338 members of the House of Commons of the 42nd Parliament of Canada. In accordance with the maximum four-year term under a 2007 amendment to the Canada Elections Act, the writs of election for the 2015 election were issued by Governor General David Johnston on August 4. At 11 weeks, the ensuing campaign was one of the longest in Canadian history: It was also the first time since 1979 that a prime minister attempted to remain in office into a fourth consecutive Parliament and the first time since 1980 that someone attempted to win a fourth term of any kind as prime minister. (In both cases, it was Pierre, Justin Trudeau’s father, who attempted in 1979 to win a 4th consecutive term and succeeded in 1980 in winning a fourth term overall.) This is also the most recent election in which a majority government was formed.

The Liberal Party won 184 seats, forming a majority government with its leader Justin Trudeau becoming prime minister. Trudeau and the rest of his cabinet were sworn in on November 4, 2015. The Conservative Party, led by incumbent Prime Minister Stephen Harper, won 99 seats, becoming the Official Opposition after nearly a decade on the government benches. The New Democratic Party, led by Tom Mulcair, won 44 seats, becoming the third-largest party in the House of Commons, after having formed the Official Opposition following the 2011 election. The Bloc Québécois won 10 seats, the Green Party won 1 seat, and Strength in Democracy lost all its seats.