The Romanian transitional alphabet (Romanian: Alfabetul român de tranziție), also known as the civil alphabet (Romanian: alfabetul civil), was a series of alphabets containing a mix of Cyrillic and Latin characters used for the Romanian language in the 19th century. It replaced the Romanian Cyrillic alphabet and was in turn replaced by the Romanian Latin alphabet.
The transition process began in 1828 thanks to the grammars of Ion Heliade Rădulescu, although the Romanian Orthodox Church continued to use the Romanian Cyrillic for religious purposes until 1881, after the declaration of independence of Romania. The Holy Synod of the Romanian Orthodox Church decided to replace the Cyrillic alphabet in that year under secular pressure.