Hurricane Jova (2023) in the context of "Baja California Sur"

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⭐ Core Definition: Hurricane Jova (2023)

Hurricane Jova was a very powerful tropical cyclone that became the first Pacific hurricane to reach Category 5 strength on the Saffir-Simpson scale since Willa in 2018. Jova was also one of the fastest–intensifying tropical cyclones on record in the Eastern Pacific tropical cyclone basin. The tenth named storm, seventh hurricane, and fifth major hurricane of the 2023 Pacific hurricane season, Jova originated from a tropical wave that entered the Pacific Ocean on September 1. The system rapidly organized and became a tropical depression the following day. After brief inhibition by wind shear, The system explosively organized over the next two days. It formed a prominent in its central dense overcast on September 5 and nascent eye feature, Signaling its intensification into a hurricane. In a 24-hour period ending early on September 7, Jova's maximum sustained winds significantly increased from 90 mph (150 km/h) to its peak at 160 mph (260 km/h) and its central pressure fell 67 mbar (hPa; 1.89 inHg) to its minimum of 926 mbar (hPa; 27.43 inHg). This made it a Category 5 hurricane and was one of the five-fastest periods of intensification on record in the basin. Thereafter, an eyewall replacement cycle commenced. and decreasing sea surface temperatures caused the storm to gradually weaken, It fell below major hurricane status on September 8 and further weakened to a tropical storm on September 9. The total collapse of convection on September 10 marked its degeneration into a remnant low. The system later dissipated on September 12 as it opened up into a trough.

Jova's expansive cloud shield led to some rainfall in western states of Mexico with minor flooding occurring in Baja California Sur. Large waves and rip currents affected coastal areas from Sinaloa northward to the San Francisco Bay Area in California. Flooding in Arizona inflicted $250,000 in damage.

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Hurricane Jova (2023) in the context of Rapid intensification

Rapid intensification (RI) is any process wherein a tropical cyclone strengthens very dramatically in a short period of time. Tropical cyclone forecasting agencies utilize differing thresholds for designating rapid intensification events, though the most widely used definition stipulates an increase in the maximum sustained winds of a tropical cyclone of at least 30 knots (55 km/h; 35 mph) in a 24-hour period. However, periods of rapid intensification often last longer than a day. About 20–30% of all tropical cyclones undergo rapid intensification, including a majority of tropical cyclones with peak wind speeds exceeding 51 m/s (180 km/h; 110 mph).

Rapid intensification constitutes a major source of error for tropical cyclone forecasting, and its predictability is commonly cited as a key area for improvement. The specific physical mechanisms that underlie rapid intensification and the environmental conditions necessary to support rapid intensification are unclear due to the complex interactions between the environment surrounding tropical cyclones and internal processes within the storms. Rapid intensification events are typically associated with warm sea surface temperatures and the availability of moist and potentially unstable air. The effect of wind shear on tropical cyclones is highly variable and can both enable or prevent rapid intensification. Rapid intensification events are also linked to the appearance of hot towers and bursts of strong convection within the core region of tropical cyclones, but it is not known whether such convective bursts are a cause or a byproduct of rapid intensification.

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