Hijazi script in the context of "Birmingham Quran manuscript"

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⭐ Core Definition: Hijazi script

Hijazi script (Arabic: خَطّ ٱَلحِجَازِيّ, romanizedkhaṭṭ al-ḥijāzī) is an early Arabic script that developed in the Hejaz region of the Arabian Peninsula, including cities of Mecca and Medina, and was used in some of the earliest Qur'anic manuscripts. It was often shown in a sloping style called a Ma'il script (Arabic: مائل, romanizedmāʾil, lit.'sloping').

The script is notably angular in comparison with other Arabic scripts and tends to slope to the right. The script initially contained no dots or diacritical marks to indicate vowel sounds, though some included small red dots or short strokes to indicate vowels and mark verse divisions.

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👉 Hijazi script in the context of Birmingham Quran manuscript

The Birmingham Quran manuscript comprises two leaves of parchment from an early Quranic manuscript or muṣḥaf. In 2015, the manuscript, which is held by the University of Birmingham in England, was radiocarbon dated to between 632 and 645 CE. It is presently believed that the manuscript is an early descendant of the Uthmanic codex. It is part of the Mingana Collection of Middle Eastern manuscripts, held by the university's Cadbury Research Library.

The manuscript is written in ink on parchment, using an Arabic Hijazi script and is still clearly legible. The leaves preserve parts of Surahs 19 (Maryam) to 20 (Taha). It was on display at the University of Birmingham in 2015 and then at Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery until 5 August 2016. The Cadbury Research Library has carried out multispectral analysis of the manuscript and XRF analysis of the inks.

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