Governor (India) in the context of "Indian English"

The State Legislative Assembly, also known as the Vidhan Sabha or the Saasana Sabha, is a legislative body in each of the states and certain union territories of India. Members of the legislative assembly are often directly elected to serve five year terms from single-member constituencies. A legislative assembly may be dissolved in a state of emergency, by the governor on request of the chief minister of the respective state or union territory, or if a motion of no confidence is passed against the ruling majority party or coalition.

In India, a chief minister is the elected head of government of each state out of the 28 states and sometimes a union territory (UT). Currently, only the UTs of Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir and Puducherry have serving chief ministers. According to the Constitution of India, the governor is a state's head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister.

Following elections to the State legislative assembly or Vidhan Sabha in a state, the state's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints and swears in the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Based on the Westminster system, given that they retain the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term can last for the length of the assembly's life, a maximum of five years. There are no limits to the number of terms that the chief minister can serve. A chief minister heads a state government's council of ministers and can be deputised in that role by a deputy chief minister. The chief minister generally selects the chief secretary and can also allot departments to the cabinet ministers of their state and ministers of state. They also direct the chief secretary to transfer, suspend, or promote officers of their state.

In the Republic of India, a chief minister is the head of government of each of the twenty-eight states and three of the eight union territories. According to the Constitution of India, at the state level, the governor is de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the State Legislative Assembly, the governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the state government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Out of the thirty incumbents, except Tamil Nadu's M. K. Stalin, all other chief ministers also act as the leader of the house in their legislative assemblies. Given they have the assembly's confidence, the chief minister's term is usually for a maximum of five years; there are no limits to the number of terms they can serve.

Mamata Banerjee the Chief Minister of West Bengal, who has the longest continuous incumbency serving since 20 March 2011 (for 14 years, 219 days) and Rekha Gupta of Delhi are the only two incumbent female Chief Ministers.

In the Republic of India, according to the Article 154 of the Constitution of the Republic of India, a governor is the constitutional head of each of the twenty-eight states. They rank 4th in the order of the presendence of India. The governor is appointed by the President of the Republic of India for a term of five years, and holds office at the president's pleasure. They also may not have the 5 years term and is seen very rarely.

The governor is de jure head of the state government; all its executive actions are taken in the governor's name. However, the governor must act on the advice of the popularly elected council of ministers, headed by the chief minister, which thus holds de facto executive authority at the state-level. This situation is analogous to that of the President and the Prime Minister at the national level. The Constitution of India also empowers the governor to appoint or dismiss a ministry, recommend president's rule, or reserve bills for the president's assent. Acharya Devvrat, the Governor of Gujarat, is currently the longest-serving officeholder. The most recent governor to assume charge is Ashok Gajapathi Raju, the Governor of Goa. Two governors are currently holding additional charge of two different states. Ajay Kumar Bhalla, Governor of Manipur is holding the additional charge as Governor of Nagaland, while Acharya Devvrat, the Governor of Gujarat holds the additional charge as Governor of Maharashtra. Anandiben Patel, the Governor of Uttar Pradesh (aged 84 years) is the oldest whereas Ajay Kumar Bhalla, the Governor of Manipur and Nagaland (aged 65 years) is the youngest.