The Government of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Hükûmeti) is the national government of Turkey. It is governed as a unitary state under a presidential representative democracy and a constitutional republic within a pluriform multi-party system. The term government can mean either the collective set of institutions (the executive, legislative, and judicial branches) or specifically the Cabinet (the executive).
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👉 Government of Turkey in the context of 2016–17 Turkish purges
Since 2016, the government of Turkey has conducted a series of purges, enabled by a state of emergency in reaction to the failed coup attempt on 15 July that year. The purges began with the arrest of Turkish Armed Forces personnel reportedly linked to the coup attempt, but arrests were expanded to include other elements of the Turkish military, civil servants, and private citizens. Later actions reflected a power struggle between secularist and Islamist political elites in Turkey, which affected people who were not active in nor aware of the coup but who the government claimed were connected with the Gülen movement, an opposition group which the government blamed for the coup. Possession of books authored by Gülen was considered valid evidence of such a connection and cause for arrest.
Tens of thousands of public servants and soldiers were purged in the first week following the coup. For example, on 16 July 2016, one day after the coup was foiled, 2,745 judges were dismissed and detained. This was followed by the dismissal, detention or suspension of over 100,000 officials, a figure that had increased to over 110,000 by early November 2016, over 125,000 after the 22 November decree, reaching at least 135,000 with the January decrees, about 160,000 after the suspensions and arrests decree of April 29 and 300,000 by February 2025. Collectively about 10% of Turkey's 2 million public employees were removed as a result of the purges. Purged citizens are prevented from working again for the government, which has led in many cases to destitution.
In this Dossier
- ⭐ Core Definition: Government of Turkey
- 👉 Government of Turkey in the context of 2016–17 Turkish purges
- Government of Turkey in the context of Ararat rebellion
- Government of Turkey in the context of President of Turkey
- Government of Turkey in the context of Ministries of Turkey
- Government of Turkey in the context of Time in Turkey
- Government of Turkey in the context of National Intelligence Organization (Turkey)
- Government of Turkey in the context of Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia
Government of Turkey in the context of Ararat rebellion
The Ararat rebellion, also known as the Ağrı rebellion (Turkish: Ağrı ayaklanmaları or Ağrı isyanı), was a 1930 uprising by the Kurds of Ağrı Province, in eastern Turkey, against the Turkish government. The leader of the guerrilla forces during the rebellion was Ihsan Nuri of the Jibran branch of the Jalali tribe.
Government of Turkey in the context of President of Turkey
The president of Turkey, officially the president of the Republic of Türkiye (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı), is the head of state and head of government of Turkey. The president directs the executive branch of the national government and is the commander-in-chief of the Turkish military. The president also heads the National Security Council.
The office of the president of Turkey was established with the proclamation of the Republic of Türkiye on 29 October 1923, with the first president and founder being Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Traditionally, the presidency was mostly a ceremonial position, with real executive authority being exercised by the prime minister of Turkey. However, constitutional amendments approved in the 2017 constitutional referendum abolished the office of prime minister, and vested the presidency with full executive powers, effective upon the 2018 general election. The president is directly elected by eligible Turkish voters for a five-year term.
Government of Turkey in the context of Ministries of Turkey
The ministries of Turkey are the most influential part of the executive branch of the Turkish government. Each ministry is headed by a minister appointed by the President. Currently there are 17 ministries.
Government of Turkey in the context of Time in Turkey
In Turkey, time is given by UTC+03:00 year-round. This time is also called Turkey Time (TRT). The time at most is the same as in the Moscow Time and Arabia Standard Time zones. TRT was adopted by the Turkish Government on 8 September 2016. It was also in use in Northern Cyprus until it reverted to Eastern European Time (EET) in October 2017.
During some seasons (March–October), the TRT coincides with the Eastern European Summer Time (the daylight-saving version of the Eastern European Time). The IANA time zone identifier for Turkey is Europe/Istanbul.
Government of Turkey in the context of National Intelligence Organization (Turkey)
The National Intelligence Organization (Turkish: Millî İstihbarat Teşkilatı), also known by its Turkish initials MIT or colloquially as the Organization (Turkish: Teşkilat), is a national civilian intelligence and security agency of the Turkish government tasked with advancing national security through collecting and analyzing intelligence from around the world and conducting analysis and development intelligence gathering and counterintelligence systems to create national security, clandestine and covert operations, countering hybrid threats, counterintelligence, counterterrorism, creation a civilian security network intelligence, support hybrid warfare operations, and threat assessment to national security.
It gathers information for the Presidency and the Turkish Armed Forces (TSK) about the current and potential threats from inside and outside against all the elements that make up Turkey's integrity, constitutional order, existence, independence, security and national power and takes precautions when necessary.
Government of Turkey in the context of Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia
Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA) was a militant organization active between 1975 and the 1990s whose stated goal was "to compel the Turkish Government to acknowledge publicly its responsibility for the Armenian genocide in 1915, pay reparations, and cede territory for an Armenian homeland." ASALA itself and other sources described it as a guerilla and armed organization. Some sources, including the United States Department of State, as well as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan listed it as a terrorist organization.
The principal goal of ASALA was to establish a United Armenia that would include the formerly Armenian-inhabited six vilayets of the Ottoman Empire (Western Armenia) and Soviet Armenia. The group sought to claim the area (called Wilsonian Armenia) that was promised to the Armenians by American President Woodrow Wilson in the 1920 Treaty of Sèvres, following the Armenian genocide, during which Ottoman Turks murdered 1.5 million Armenians, which Turkey openly denies.